- Hello, everyone. Hi. Hello. Can you hear me and see me well? Hi. Please type in the chat box. Can you hear me? Can you see me well? Welcome all to our live lesson. How's everyone doing? How are you today? I am very excited to be here once again with all of you. My name is Tutor Lanny. Nice to meet you. Some of you know me already.
It's been a while. (laughs) Can you see me and hear me well? Please type in the chat box. And let's start with some shout outs. Where are you from? Let's start by...
Okay. Hi. Greetings to South Africa. Hi. We have India. Welcome. France. Very good. Where are you connecting from
today? Where are you from? Somalia. Hello, greetings to Somalia. Egypt. Very good. Excellent. Italy. Hi. (chuckles) Ukraine, Iraq, Cambodia. Turkey. Hi. (laughs) Brazil, Pakistan. Welcome. Venezuela. Wow. We have a variety of students
from all over the world today. Iraq, Egypt, Taiwan. Hi. (laughs) Hi, Julia. Very good. Gaza. Okay. Hello. Hi, everyone. Egypt, Bangladesh,
Australia.
Wow, very nice. How was your weekend so far? I know for some of you it's evening time. For me, it's morning time. I currently live in Tennessee and it's 9:00 AM in the morning. What do you do today?
How was your Saturday? Or do you have any plans for tomorrow? Poland, Turkey, Morocco. Hi. It's raining. Oh, okay. That's in
France, right, Caroline? You said you're in France,
so it's raining there. All right. You have the day off.
That's great. (laughs) It's a weekend. Good evening from Bangladesh.
Nice. (Tutor Lanny laughing) Some of you, okay, you're hungry. You can go ahead and get
a snack while you watch, or while you connect
and you learn English. All right. So, I'm very
happy that you're all here. And I wanna say welcome
again. My name is Lanny. I've been teaching on
Cambly for four years. I love the platform. I love meeting new students and connecting with people
from all over the world. And today, I'll be hosting
today's live lesson. So, are you ready? Let's start. Okay. So, let's
start here
with a very useful topic. And also, before we start, as a reminder, today's lesson will be
posted on our Cambly channel. There's also a link pinned
at the top of the chat. If you arrive late, if you miss something, if you have any technical problems, you can always click on the
link, review this lesson. So, having said that, let's start. Today's topic is about expressing regret. And do you know what regret is? Let's start by defining what is regret. So, here, we have our
definition f
or regret, and it basically means a
feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over something that has already happened
or has been done. So, it's in the past, we
can't change the past. It can't be changed or undone. And that's when we feel
that feeling of regret. Oh, man. (laughs) I'm sure all of us have experienced that. It's a very natural feeling. And we will learn, or you will learn today how to be able to express it in English. Like I said, we can't change the past, but at least we
can talk about it. We can express, you can
express yourself freely. And I find this topic very useful, because I see that a lot of students struggle with expressing regret. This is a kind of an advanced grammar, but it's not so difficult. And I see that some of you
avoid expressing a regret or you simply don't know
how to express yourself. So, pay close attention to today's lesson, and by the end of this lesson, you will be able to
express yourself freely. So, stay tuned. Now, let's start with t
hree
ways of expressing regret. And for this, we use the past modals here. We use should've or should have, could've or could have,
or would've or would have. So, here is how you want to say it if you want to sound more natural, if you want to sound more
like a native speaker, then you stick to this part. Should've, could've, would've. And we have the v sound. So, for this, we want
to put our bottom lip will touch our top teeth and v, v, v. Should've, would've, could've. (laughs) That's the soun
d. But you can also say should have, could have, and would have
if you are writing an email, perhaps you're apologizing and you're writing a formal email, you could use this form. If you want to give emphasis
to what you're saying, perhaps you're apologizing in-person, you can also use this as well. The most common and most natural way of
speaking is this way. So, so far, so good. How do you pronounce those? Okay. Okay, I'll be checking the chat as well, just in case you have
any questions. (lau
ghs) Pronunciation, remember, v,
should've, would've, could've. That's the pronunciation. All right. And by the way, very useful tip. If you want to keep practicing this, I suggest that you go in front of a mirror and look at yourself. While you're pronouncing these words, look at the way that you
position your lips, your mouth, and make sure that you're
doing it correctly. So, that's a helpful tip. Let's start with our first one. So, we will start with, let me see here. (board thuds) Should've
and could've. We'll see the differences
between these two. And should've is basically when we want to say
that it was a good idea, but we didn't do... (Tutor Lanny chuckles) When something that we did in the past could have been a good
idea, but we didn't do it. Oh, that was a good idea, but I miss that. So, we use should've or should
have plus past participle. And if you can't remember
what a past participle is, I give you here some examples and I'll post them here, so
you have a reference for
that. I hope you can see this clearly. And so, we use should've
plus past participle. And we have a first
scenario, a first sentence. Let's say that you didn't
study for the exam, or I didn't study for the
exam, I won't blame you. I'll say I didn't study for the exam. That was my problem. That was my action. I didn't study for the
exam, so I failed the exam. That wasn't a good idea, right? That was very bad of me not preparing or studying for the exam. So, there we go. We can start using should'
ve. I should've studied. I didn't. I should've studied. Or I should've gone, I should've gone over my notes to prepare for the exam. I should've gone over my notes. I shouldn't have played video games. Maybe I was playing video
games with my friends and I didn't study, so I
shouldn't have played video games. And for this one, we can
also use the negative form. I shouldn't have. So, you could use should've or should have or shouldn't have. Now, think about something
that you should've done maybe
yesterday, a week
ago, or in the past. Can you type an example of that? I'll be checking your answers. So, feel free to type in
the chat box your sentences or tell me something in the
past, maybe I didn't do this. And I will help you to
write your sentence. Okay. Let's see here. And while you type your
answer, I'll give you... I should have talked with that girl. Okay. Maybe you didn't. That's a very good... Maybe you didn't talk to the girl and you wanted to talk to her, right? So, you regret t
hat. I should've talked to that girl. Okay. I should have eaten lunch. Okay, you didn't have... That's a very good sentence. So, I should have eaten
lunch with my friends. Maybe you didn't, right?
You didn't have a chance. I should have stayed at
home rather than going out. Very good. Yes. I shouldn't have eaten too much. (laughs) That's a common regret.
We always regret that. Oh. (laughs) Especially after eating
so much or a heavy meal. Oh, I shouldn't have eaten
so much. That is very good. I s
hould have learned to
cycle when I was a child. Yes. That's another regret. I should have... Very good. Excellent. Well, I appreciate your comments. Very good. I should have slept early. That's my regret. (laughs) I went to bed last night late
and I say the same thing, Ave. I should have slept early. I should have... Okay, so for that one, Julia, I should have lost some weight. So, remember, this verb
is in past participle. So, the past participle of lose is lost. I should have lost some weight.
I should have learned swimming. Okay. I should have read the
direction before starting. Excellent. Well done. (claps) Good job, guys. (laughs) I am very happy to see your sentences. And as you continue typing your sentences, we can move on to the next one, could've. So, could've, we use could've or could have plus past participle when something was possible,
it was a possibility. We had an opportunity, we had a chance. But again, we didn't do it. (laughs) We missed that. So, going back to that
same
example that I told you. I didn't study for the exam,
remember? That's what happened. Did I have a chance or did I
have an opportunity to study? Or did I have time? Yes, I did. I could've studied after
school, but I didn't. I could've prepared a
few weeks in advance. If I knew I had an exam coming up., I could've prepared in
advance, but I didn't. I was bad. Or if I felt like the exam was too hard, I could've asked for help, but I didn't. So, all this, I had all these
possibilities, but I d
idn't. And that is why I failed
the exam. (laughs) So, keep typing sentences, let me know if you had the opportunity or you had the time, you
were able to do something, but you didn't, what are
some of your regrets? Some of the things that you
could've done in the past, but you didn't. I shouldn't have missed
this lesson. (laughs) That you say if you do miss
the lesson, but you're here. So, good for you. (laughs) But if you miss the lesson,
then you could say that. So, both of them show regret?
Yes, both of 'them show regret. And I could've been more careful. I could've invited him at my... Yeah, maybe you regret that. You didn't invite someone to your party. Oh, I could've invited him. Very good. I could've had practiced
IELTS to achieve... Yes, a lot of regrets. That's
actually a very good example. Some of you regret not
studying English before or not studying English at a younger age. And remember, it's never too late. I could've studied harder. Okay. (laughs) I could've followed Ca
mbly lessons. I hope that you're following now, (laughs) so you can benefit every week
from different live lessons. I could've completed my assignment. I could have passed my math
exam if I had studied harder. That's a good sentence. Very good. That's a third conditional sentence, which is our next grammar point. I could have applied for the
job, but I didn't want to. You had the possibility or the opportunity to apply
and you didn't want to. So, that's valid as well. I could have improved my En
glish skills, perhaps. Okay, very good. And as you type your sentences, I wanted to tell you a little story. This is actually, this happened to me. When I was younger, I was a
teen, I was studying Italian. I loved Italian, and then I stopped. I thought maybe I will
never use it. (laughs) But a few years ago, I went to Italy and I wish I could've spoken more Italian. I could've felt more
comfortable while traveling. I could've communicated with
the locals, but I didn't. I stopped learning Italian
and I forgot about it. I know a few words, but
I forgot all about it. So, that is why it's essential for all of you. (clears throat) Sorry. It's essential for all of you to always keep up with your English, make sure that you're always practicing. And remember that idiom, if
you don't use it, you lose it. So, keep practicing whenever you learn. Today, practice it today. Tomorrow, keep up with your English or else you'll forget about it. And that's actually why Cambly is such a good option for y
ou. You can practice your English
skills as often as you want and learn new things. So, very good. I could've catched the train... So, that one I could've catch is caught. I could've caught the train. Remember, we use past participle. Could've plus past participle. You could have spoken Italian,
but you lost that chance. Yes. (laughs) That's a very good sentence. Very good. I could have gone. So, Hazanin or Ezra, I could have gone. Remember, past participle.
I could have gone to Spain. I could'v
e downloaded that app. Okay. I could've downloaded that app. That's good. I hope you learn... Okay. I could have gone to Spain. That's the correct one. All right, very, very good. (laughs) Very good. Well, excellent sentences. I'm happy that you're participating and expressing your regrets. And let's continue with our next point. Our next point here, I
saw third conditional. One of you already wrote a
sentence using third conditional. And third conditional is used to basically express things tha
t we can't change in the past. So, it's an imaginary situation. It's a change in the past
situation and a different result. So, if this was different, the result would've been different. So, it's in our
imagination, it's not real. And that's how we used
the third conditional. Look at this. Again, the same example, I
didn't study for the exam. That's what happened. This is
a real thing, real situation. This first part is the condition or the decision or the action. And then, here, we have the sec
ond part of the sentence is the result, I failed. So, the formula for this
is if plus past perfect, and then we have the second part of the clause, would've
plus past participle. Would've, if, past perfect plus would've plus past participle. And for this one, we could use would've or wouldn't have, negative form, as well. Let's go over this together. If I had studied, I wouldn't
have failed the exam. As you can see, this is
negative. I didn't study. So, this one changes to positive. If I had stu
died, it's
a different condition, and then the result is that I failed, then the result changes,
I wouldn't have failed. I like to use this. It doesn't work all the time, but if you want to use the same
sentence, this is positive, the negative goes to positive, positive sentence goes to negative. But like I said, it doesn't always apply, because you can change the sentence. If I'd studied, remember that this is also the contraction or the more natural form. If I'd studied, I would've passed. So,
these sentences are imaginary. They're third conditional sentences. Is that clear? So far, so good? I know that they're long sentences and we have past perfect. Remember, with a past perfect tense, we use had as an auxiliary. If I had studied, if I'd studied. Or it could be negative, if I hadn't. Remember? It could also be negative here. Okay. Okay. See here. Do you have
any questions so far? Any comments? Let's go over another example,
another real situation. I didn't review my notes.
Remember
that's what happened. I didn't review my notes.
I forgot everything. This is a real situation.
This is what happened. So, if I reviewed my notes or if I had reviewed my
notes, I would've remembered. Or if I'd reviewed my notes,
I wouldn't have forgotten. So, here we have the change again. I didn't review my notes.
If I'd reviewed my notes. Negative, positive, positive, negative. Do you see that pattern? Like I said, it doesn't always apply. It depends on how you word the sentence. But if you wa
nna use the same, if you want to use the same
words, the same sentences, you do change, positive goes to negative,
negative goes to positive. What's... If I married this guy, (laughs) I wouldn't feel much to
work so hard. (laughs) If Tutor Lanny was my, I could
have improved my English. Okay, now remember, these are for regrets, things
that happened in the past. I think you're confusing
that with second conditional. Second conditional is different from third conditional. (laughs) We won't get in
to that today. We're just sticking to third conditional. Third conditional is for
something that did happen, but you want to change that. If I had been more careful, the accident wouldn't have happened. That is a very good
sentence, Veneva or Di... I can't really say your... I'm sorry, I don't wanna
say your name incorrectly, but that's a very good sentence. If I had been more careful, the accident wouldn't have happened. Very good. Any more sentences you wanna try? Keep trying. Now, I also wann
a explain to you... If I had gone to the gym, I would've... If I had gone to the
gym, I would've been... Okay, remember, I
would've, and then been fit or I would've lost weight. Remember, would've or would
have plus past participle. If I learned to cycle, I wouldn't have gotten
embarrassed by my... (Tutor Lanny laughing) Okay. If I hadn't slept, I could have attended
the class or the meeting. That's very good, Mustafa, I think it's pronounced. (laughs) If I had practiced more,
I would have score
d A+. Okay, that's a good
one as well. Very good. And one last thing. For this one, I wanted to show you
something really cool as well. You could switch the
position of your sentences. Notice how I... Let me read this to you. I would've done a great
job if I had prepared. So, I start with the would've part first. It's possible you can switch. I would've passed the
exam if I had studied. So, it's possible you could
put the if clause here or the part with the would've here. It doesn't matter. It's
up to you. Both of them are correct. So, feel free to make sentences as well. Can you make more third con... Can you write a sentence
using third conditional? I would have gotten a great body if I had gone to the gym
on a daily basis. (laughs) I love your sentences. (laughs) That's what I say too. (laughs) Very good. But you know what, it's never too late. We can always go to the gym. (laughs) Very good. Congratulations, everyone. If I hadn't gone to my English class, I would've, so I would've
gotten a lower grade perhaps. If you hadn't gone to your English class, you would've gotten a lower grade. Okay, well, well done. Excellent. Congratulations. You have all become experts
at expressing regret. And now, it's time to practice and see how much you've learned today. So, for this, I have
a little quiz for you. I'll give you three different sentences in past simple tense. And you have to use one
of the three past modals that we went over, should've, could've, or would've to express regr
et. Okay, ready? So, let's
start with the first one. I have a very easy one. I didn't bring my
umbrella and it's raining. Man, I have an umbrella.
I have it at home. It's raining right now. And I regret, I regret this. What will you say? What could have been a good idea? I could have carried my umbrella. Yes, that was possible. (laughs) I should have brought
my umbrella. Very good. Great. Excellent. Any more sentences? I should have brought my umbrella. I wouldn't have fall... Okay. (laughs) Goo
d job. Good job. I should have stayed at home. (laughs) That's another good one. Because (laughs) you don't
wanna be out when it's raining. So, forget about the umbrella. I should have stayed at home. (laughs) Very good. I... Well done. Well done. Good job, guys. You're
doing a very, very good job. I'm very proud of you. Yes, you should have
brought your umbrella. I would have brought my
umbrella if I don't... I should have called my husband. Yeah, pick me up. It's raining. (laughs) But you're r
ight for those of you who wrote I should've brought my umbrella or I should have carried
my umbrella with me. If I had carried my
umbrella, I would have... If I had carried my umbrella,
if I had brought my umbrella or carried my umbrella with
me, I wouldn't have gotten wet. Or I would have reached
home. I would've gone... I would've... If I had carried my umbrella, I would have come home earlier. Maybe you couldn't go back home, because it was raining, right? So, that's a good one. Very good. Ex
cellent. Good job. (claps) Very good. I'm very proud of you. Now, let's go over our second one here. I didn't apply for the scholarship. And you had the possibility. You had excellent grades,
you were very smart, and you didn't apply for the
scholarship, but it was possible. How can you change this sentence? Very good. I could've applied for the
scholarship. Very good. I could have applied. Excellent. Very good. Well done. Well done. I see you guys got it. I'm very proud of you and I hope that y
ou
keep using this grammar after the lesson. I should have applied for the scholarship, but I missed the deadline. That is a very good sentence, Isabel. I could have applied for the scholarship if I had scored... Yeah, that's another one.
That's a very good one. You could have applied, maybe
your score wasn't high enough. Excellent. I should've
applied for the scholarship. Good job. I am very happy. Good job. If I had applied for the scholarship, I could have studied it. Wow, that's a good one.
I love that you're typing your
own sentences. That is great. You're not just sticking to this. I love that. You're
using third conditional. You are using could've,
would've, should've. That's awesome. If I had applied for this scholarship, it would have been helpful for my parents. Yeah. (laughs) Your parents wouldn't
have to pay (chuckles) for your school if you had
applied for a scholarship. Well done. Excellent job. I just wrote quickly or
short, I could've applied, but your answers were bett
er than mine. So, good job, everyone. Now,
let's go over our last one. Our last one here. This is a longer sentence
and I hope you can see it. Oh, sorry. Let me make sure that, okay. This is a longer sentence. I didn't get a promotion, because I didn't have much experience. So, for this one, can you write this sentence
using third conditional? Oh, let me make it this way. I didn't get a promotion, because I didn't have much experience. So, what do you think? Can you use third conditional? Rememb
er, we use past,
if plus past perfect. Then, would've plus past participle. If I had enough experience, I would have been promoted. Okay. So, that one, I would have been promoted. If I had much experience, I
would have gotten the promotion. Okay. I would have gotten a promotion if I had had much more experience. And that's okay. You can say if I had had
or if I'd had, if I'd had. That's correct as well. Or if I had had. (laughs) Okay. If I've had much experience, I would have gotten the promotio
n. Very good. Well done. Excellent job, everyone. Good, good job. Well done. Good, good job. So, here we have, if I'd, or if I've had, if I've
had more experience, I would've gotten the promotion. If I would have more train... Okay. So, Patricia, if I had,
or if I've had more training. Because remember, the first part is if, if I or if I had had more training, I would've gotten the promotion. The first part is if plus past perfect. If I had had more training.
If I've had more training. Good job.
That was a great sentence. Thank you so much. If I've had more experience, I would've gotten the promotion. Good job, everyone. Excellent. I am very proud of you. So, now, I wanna congratulate you, because you did an excellent job. Do you have any more questions for me? Please type your questions or comments. Now, this is the time
for you to ask questions. If everything is clear or you
have any doubts, let me know. I'm here to help. And I also wanna mention
that these conditionals, not this con
ditionals, but should've, could've, and would've, you can use them differently. But today, we only focus
on expressing regret. Not having had enough
experience cannot be a regret. If I had... Not having enough experience. Well, you can regret not
having enough experience. That is a regret. Yes, I'm teaching on the Cambly app. You can message me or click on the link below. After this video is uploaded, you can schedule a class with me. If I had had more training, I would have gotten the promotion
. If I had, if I had had more training. Okay. Also, I wanna say that if you tell someone you should've, it's not necessarily a regret,
but it's more a suggestion. So, if you tell your friend,
you should've called me. It's like, why didn't you call me? I would've helped you. So, when you use it, you should've, it's like you're giving a suggestion. Next time, do this. Or why, (laughs) why didn't you do this? Why didn't you call me or messaged me? You should've, you should've called me. You should'
ve messaged
me. You should've told me. When we talk about regret, can we use interchangeably
should've and could've? It depends. Both of them
mean basically the same. You didn't do something. It's more about whether it was a good idea or it was possible. So, I should have studied it. It's okay. It was a good idea. I should have called you.
That was a good idea. But if I say I could have called you, it was possible, but I didn't. So, both of 'em have the same
idea. I didn't do this action. But it
all depends on you.
What do you want to express? That it was a good idea
or it was a possibility? Remorse. If only. (laughs) That's a good expression. That's a good question. Is there any other expression for remorse? There is an expression in
English that we use if only, but that has another grammar structure that I will tell you later. But that's an ex... Oh, if only, if only this or that. That's another expression
of remorse. Anything else? Thanks for, okay, well, thank
you so much, guys. (l
aughs) For those of you who aren't
familiar with Cambly, Cambly is an app that
gives you instant access to friendly native English speakers like myself and many others
that are all over the world. I am currently in Jackson, Tennessee, but I know there are tutors that live in other parts of the world. And it's very convenient. You can have English
lessons anytime, anywhere, right from your phone, from your computer. You can book as many classes as you want. You can choose your tutors. I would be
happy to help you and answer all your questions. So, please check it out. (chuckles) You don't wanna regret in the future. Oh, I should've, I should've subscribed to our
channel or to our platform. You definitely don't wanna regret that. So, thank you so much for
joining. I'm very happy. I was very happy that
you were participating. Type in your answers.
Thank you so much. (laughs) And keep using this grammar.
I will see you next time. And have a wonderful rest of the day and a wonderful weekend
. Thank you so much for watching.
See you guys next time. Bye-bye. See you, guys.
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