How israel defeated everyone \ Six-day war. [ENG SUB]

June 5, 1967. Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. In the morning, the combat pilots sat in the dining room as usual and had breakfast. They had just completed another air patrol and were about to depart for the next one. Suddenly, four dark dots appeared in the sky to the north of the airfield. They were approaching and soon turned into bombers. And not Egyptian. While the Egyptians did not understand what was happening, the planes opened their hatches and dropped unusual bombs by parachute. There were expl

osions... and the runways immediately became completely unusable. The planes flew away, but before the Egyptians came to their senses, four new bombers appeared and shot down the Egyptian MIGs standing on the ground. Ten minutes later, a new four arrived and bombed the hangars... Thus, a new war with Israel began for the Egyptians. The Arabs prepared for it for 20 years... and lost in 6 days. I'll tell you how it happened. So, let's start with a sensational statement: Arabs and Jews are fraterna

l peoples. In the most literal sense. Even according to the Bible. The first ancestor of the Jewish people, Avraham, had two sons - Ishmael and Isaac. The eldest, Ishmael, born of a slave, was banished into the desert. From him came the Arabs. And from the second son, Isaac, the Jews descended. Of course, this is a myth, but one that plays a big role in culture. If we turn from ancient legends to scientific history, then both Arabs and Jews are Semites. Semitic tribes came to the Middle East fro

m somewhere in the south in the most ancient times, at the dawn of writing. Then there were a lot of different ones - Arameans, Chaldeans, Hyksos and so on. Over time, this diversity diminished, and from the magnificent Semitic group only two people remained - Jews and Arabs. And if not for different religions, it would be difficult to distinguish them from each other. So why do they hate each other so much? If you don’t delve into legends and don’t remember all sorts of incidents from the life

of the prophet Muhammad, then real hostility between Arabs and Jews began only in the 20th century. And it was not they themselves who provoked it, but the Europeans at the UN. There they decided to divide Palestine into two states. One was supposed to be built by the Arabs, who lived on these lands for many centuries, and the other by the Jews, who poured here in a stormy stream after the Second World War. For comparison, in the 20s of the 20th century there were about 80 thousand Jews in Pales

tine; by the beginning of World War II there were almost half a million. And by the time of the six-day war, this number had quadrupled. In general, the situation was heating up. The British, who ruled Palestine in the 1940s, found themselves in a difficult history. In many ways, they themselves were to blame when, during the First World War, they promised the creation of a state in Palestine to both Jews and Arabs. For a long time they managed to somehow balance and not fulfill any of their pro

mises. However, when rapid Jewish migration to Palestine began after World War II, the British were overwhelmed. They either supported the resettlement or limited it... collaborated either with Arabs or with Jews... And when it became clear that as a result of their policies and UN decisions the region was heading towards ethnic massacres, the Europeans hastened to bow out. London said it no longer wanted to rule Palestine. Clean up this mess yourself as you wish, and we'll leave. So, the Britis

h decided to leave Palestine. But they didn’t have time to leave completely. Clashes between Arabs and Jews began in the fall of 1947, when Britain was just beginning to withdraw troops. Both of them created their own armed formations. Coordination between them was weak, many did not submit to any general command at all. Everything was very complicated: among the Jews, for example, the main military organization was the Haganah, but there were several other groups that did not obey the Haganah a

nd were even hostile to it. The Arabs had the same thing. In fact, in each city the conflict developed independently, in each village there was its own small war. And as is usually the case in such conflicts, civilians suffered more. Both sides carried out ethnic cleansing, but even when the warring parties did not seek to kill civilians, then... they were killed anyway. For example, both sides actively used mortars - at the first stage of the war it was the main striking force of both Arabs and

Jews. But if they were able to buy mortars on the black market, it was much more difficult to find experienced mortarmen. Now, when you read descriptions of those first battles, you constantly pay attention to how ineffective the shelling is: the mines fly anywhere, but not to the target. However, what do you mean anywhere... the fighting took place in the city, which means mines fell on nearby residential buildings. From such a war, thousands of Arab refugees fled from Palestine in all directi

ons. But the Jews remained under fire because they had nowhere to run. On May 14, 1948, as soon as the British Mandate for Palestine ended, Israel declared independence. After this, the war immediately moved to a new level - the armies of all neighboring Arab countries moved towards the emerging state. Israel began the bloodiest of its wars, the War of Independence. And to the surprise of many, he managed to win it. The Arab countries, apparently, had no joint action plan at all. Moreover, they

did not even strive so much to fight the Jews as to seize more Palestinian land for themselves. Because the Question with the Jews, as it seemed to them, was almost resolved - well, how could these small militias oppose the regular state armies with aviation and heavy equipment? However, they underestimated the Jews. About one hundred thousand people were quickly mobilized into the newly created Israel Defense Forces . As a result, at the end of the war, the Israeli army was larger than the armi

es of seven Arab countries fighting against it! In the sense of not all armed forces in general, but only those that directly took part in the battles. The problem with the lack of weapons was also resolved quickly. And in an unusual way. When the United States banned the supply of weapons to the Middle East, the USSR suddenly helped, which began supplying captured German weapons to Israel through Czechoslovakia. It seems to me that there is some irony in the fact that Jews fought for their inde

pendence on Nazi fighter planes. The Arabs were very outraged by this Soviet policy, they even said that the USSR had betrayed them, but in general, Stalin’s decision was logical. Almost all Arab countries were monarchies at that time, but many Jews drowned for socialism. Stalin had every reason to believe that Israel would become the conductor of red ideas in the Middle East. In general, the Egyptians, Syrians, Jordanians, Iraqis and everyone else thought that they were going to war to slaughte

r the defenseless and divide their land. But suddenly a well-armed army appeared against them, ready to fight selflessly. The Arabs wavered. What happened was what they themselves would later call the “Catastrophe” - the Jews defeated all the Arab armies and captured half of the territories that the UN had previously allocated to the Palestinians for the state. And the other half of the supposed Arab state was occupied by neighboring Arab countries. So, as a result of the war, the main victims w

ere the Palestinian Arabs. Not only did they lose their state, were expelled from their lands by Jews or fled themselves, but their Arab neighbors, instead of helping and integrating the refugees into their society, preferred to keep them in poverty in temporary camps and pit them against Jewish settlers . After these hostilities, the map of Palestine began to represent a complex geometric pattern. Israel retained all of northern Palestine, the coastal strip and the huge NEgev desert, Transjorda

n occupied a significant part of eastern Palestine on the west bank of the Jordan River, and Jerusalem was divided - the western part of the city was for the Jews, the eastern for the Jordanians. It is clear that such a world could not last long. The Arabs were not going to accept defeat - they were many times more numerous anyway. It’s enough just to prepare, tense up, and the Jews will have a khan. Moreover, Israel was in a very vulnerable position. The Mediterranean coast , where their larges

t settlements were located, could be shot through by Jordanian artillery, and the Negev desert was almost uninhabited and, therefore, almost unprotected in the event of an Egyptian attack. Everyone understood that a new war was only a matter of time. Clashes between Arabs and Jews had happened in Palestine before, but these were still one-time outbursts of violence; they could always be sorted out, the perpetrators identified and punished, and, in the end, reconciliation. And after that large-sc

ale bloodbath that accompanied the proclamation of Israeli independence, it became impossible to make peace, too much blood has been spilled. And the search for those responsible did not solve the problem, but aggravated it, because everyone was guilty. An era of hatred began between Arabs and Jews, which continues to this day and is unlikely to end in the foreseeable future. However, almost 20 years passed before the next war, the Six Day War, which is our topic. During this time, a lot has cha

nged in the Middle East. First of all, a wave of revolutions swept through the Arab countries: officers who had gone through the war overthrew their unsuccessful monarchs. In 1952, such a revolution took place in Egypt - a republic was proclaimed there and, after a small fight of bulldogs under the carpet, Lieutenant Colonel GamAl Abdel Nasser became the leader of the country. It was he who was destined to start a new war. GamAl Abdel Nasser took part in the Egyptian invasion of Palestine, was s

urrounded there and was slightly wounded. The help that the surrounded Egyptians expected from other Arabs and from their king never came to them. Nasser returned from the war very disappointed and almost immediately began to plot against the king, whom he considered a British puppet. This revolution changed a lot in the international situation. By his convictions, Nasser was an Arab nationalist, and in economics he adhered to socialist views. This means that he was... ahem... a National Sociali

st. After World War II, it looked a little scary - there were rumors that Nasser had a portrait of Hitler on his desk. However, for Moscow it still looked better than a king who was friends with Britain. Therefore, the Kremlin changed its Middle East policy, deciding to rely on the Egyptians rather than the Jews. The United States also wanted to gain the influence in the Middle East that the British had lost. In general, the USSR and America began to literally compete for Nasser’s favor. Now all

these arrangements look very strange. We are accustomed to the fact that Israel is pro-American by default, and Arab countries are pro-Soviet. However, then everything was completely different . In the first two decades of the existence of the Jewish state , it did not have any allies or patrons. The Americans and Soviets fought to gain influence over the Arabs. And Nasser actively took advantage of this, negotiating more favorable conditions for Egypt. The USSR won this competition - it agreed

to supply a lot of military equipment for a modest 230 million dollars and build for the Egyptians the Aswan Dam, which the Americans were originally going to build. What do you think the US did? Did you start supporting Israel in response? No, they went to make friends with other Arabs - in Saudi Arabia. As for Israel, at that moment it represented two million Jews. Which were squeezed on both sides by the sea. On one side - the Mediterranean, and on the other - a sea of ​​​​Arabs. What is the

point of building friendly relations with Israel if it was obvious to everyone that soon there would be no Israel? But then NASER suddenly helped the Jews. More precisely, he himself did not want this, but it just happened. His irrepressible political activity played against him. Soon after coming to power, Nasser decided to nationalize the Suez Canal, the region's main trade route. Although, in general, the canal could not be called Egyptian - it was built jointly by the British and French. Ho

wever, Nasser declared that since the canal was located on Egyptian soil, it therefore belonged to the Egyptian people, and with this explanation he simply seized the canal. And through it, up to 40% of oil went to Europe. In addition, England and France are quite respected countries and they are somehow not used to some Africans squeezing out their property. A three-way secret conspiracy soon emerged. England, France and Israel agreed to jointly attack Egypt and recapture the canal. Israel's in

terest here was to drive the Egyptians out of the Sinai Peninsula in order to secure its western borders. There was a particular desire to move the Egyptian army away from the port of Eilad, through which Israel received oil from its only Middle Eastern ally, Iran. Yes, this is another shocking discrepancy with the modern situation. Now Iran is almost the main enemy of the Jewish state. Although, come to think of it, they might be natural allies. For both Jews and Shiite Persians, everyone else

in the Middle East is a traditional enemy. And before Islamic revolution Iran, indeed, was a good friend and trading partner to Israel. I wonder how all further Middle Eastern politics would have developed if it were not for the mullahs and their sermons. Most likely, this couple would greatly dominate the region. But let's return to the reality of the late fifties. The Israeli operation was a brilliant success - they destroyed all the tank armadas bought by Egypt from the USSR. The defeat was c

omplete - all of Sinai came under Israeli control. But the operation of England and France went unsuccessfully. While the Jews distracted the Egyptians at Sinai, they landed troops and took control of the canal. However, the Egyptians put up fierce resistance - street battles dragged on. There was no quick defeat, and then the UN woke up. The USSR was most indignant, which is understandable - it was the main Egyptian ally. And the United States suddenly took the side of the Soviet Union. The Ame

ricans were angry because they had somehow become accustomed to considering themselves a world leader, but here the Europeans and Jews were committing such serious actions without even informing Washington. Soon, UN pressure forced England and France to leave the canal area, and Jews left the Sinai Peninsula. Paradoxically, Nasser benefited the most from this conflict... despite the fact that he lost the fighting. The USSR quickly replaced all the old Soviet tanks lost in the Sinai with more mod

ern T-54 and T-55, so that Egypt became stronger after the defeat. And NASER’s authority went far beyond the borders of Egypt. Almost all Arab states were still very young, having only recently gained independence from European colonialists. People there weakly associated themselves with their countries. They were, first of all, Arabs and Muslims, and only then Egyptians, Syrians or Jordanians. Among them, the ideas of pan-Arabism were very popular - the creation of one huge pan-Arab state out o

f all these separate incomprehensible countries, which would become an influential world power. And Gamal Abdel Nasser seemed the natural leader of this association. Soon the Syrians, who feared the communists and the Turks, persuaded him to become the head of a common Egyptian-Syrian state - the United Arab Republic. This association did not last long, but the fact itself shows to what political peak Nasser rose in the Middle East. Nasser was very lucky at first. Once, at a parade that took pla

ce shortly after he came to power, a member of the secret Muslim Brotherhood party shot him eight times with a pistol. And I never hit it. The unfortunate killer was captured, and Nasser continued his speech, bringing the audience to ecstasy. Another joke is that Nasser actively fought the communists in Egypt . He simply shot the activists, and forced the few remaining to sign a public appeal about self-demission. And this despite the fact that Egypt’s main ally was the communist USSR! In the So

viet Union, Nasser gently shook his finger and was reminded that communism would eventually win anyway. That's where the conflict ended. Thus passed several interesting years, during which Nasser's authority in the Arab world continued to grow. In public speeches, he often spoke out against Israel, so one might say he became the main anti-Jewish influencer of those years. Like, you need to throw the Jews into the sea, destroy them as a nation, and stuff like that. After him, similar genocidal at

tacks were repeated by all neighboring Arab countries. The chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Ahmed Shuqeir, especially distinguished himself - he declared that after the Arab victory, the surviving Jews would nobly be allowed to return to the countries of their birth. And then he added that he thought that no one would survive. These are such nice guys. This continued until the mid-60s. Israel stood surrounded by hostile neighbors, from where there were constant calls to erase t

his very Israel from the map of the world. In the spring of 1967, the situation escalated to the limit. Information appeared that Israel had moved troops to the Sinai Peninsula, the Arabs immediately became alarmed and began to demand decisive action from Nasser. If anything, it is not a fact that the information about the concentration of the Israeli army was true. There is a version that it was a fake by Soviet intelligence. Be that as it may, it fell on fertile soil. Egypt began to prepare fo

r war. But first the problem with the UN had to be resolved. After a not very successful war with England and France and Israel, UN troops were stationed on the Sinai Peninsula. Essentially, they are peacemakers. Nasser demanded the withdrawal of these troops so that nothing would interfere with the attack. The UN Secretary General tried to convince him to leave the peacekeepers, but received a harsh refusal. And not only from Egypt, but also from Israel. Nasser immediately moved his army to the

peninsula and captured many important points. Including Sharm el-Sheikh. Today it is a famous resort, but then it was an ordinary city in a not very calm region. Which was of great strategic importance - its capture completely cut off the Israelis from Iranian oil supplies. On May 18, the Egyptian Voice of the Arabs radio announced that the international forces protecting Israel no longer existed. And that we will no longer restrain ourselves. The only method of influencing Israel will be a tot

al war with the complete destruction of the Jewish state. At this moment, almost the whole world was watching what was happening in the Middle East. US President Lyndon Johnson said that Nasser should not have sent an army to Sinai and cut off oil to Israel, because Israel received its Bailey incident - that is, a reason for war. Now, if something happened, his aggression could not be called unmotivated. A week later, Egypt's war minister goes to Moscow and asks for permission to attack Israel f

irst. But there he was suddenly told that the Soviet Union was against the war. And that the USSR will be ready to intervene only if the United States enters the conflict on the side of Israel. The situation turned out to be that in order not to lose international support for the USSR, Egypt had to wait for the Israeli attack and only then respond. From a political point of view, the tactics are understandable, but from a military point of view, they are a nightmare. The commander of the Egyptia

n Air Force (EAF) warned that such a wait could result in disaster. Well, we can say that it was not in vain that the Egyptian generals were afraid of a preemptive strike. If you think about it, Israel could not have had any other plan . The main Jewish population was located on a narrow coastal strip, between the sea and the mountains. If the Egyptian Air Force seizes air supremacy here, they will simply erase Jewish cities into dust without any problems. And there was little doubt that the Egy

ptians would be able to capture the air - they had many more aircraft in their arsenal. And not old ruins, but modern Soviet MiG-21s. Therefore, the only chance for Israel was to inflict such damage on Egypt in the first hours of the war, so that later it could not continue to operate in the sky. The Jews had been preparing for such an operation for 5 years. They conducted reconnaissance of all Arab airfields and knew which planes were stationed where. Together with the French, a special bomb wa

s developed, which, when falling, opened a small parachute, and then turned on a small jet engine, due to which the bombs flew into the runway at high speed, went deep under the asphalt and exploded powerfully, making the airfield unusable for a long time . Every Israeli pilot knew which stripe and at which airfield he personally had to hit. He knew what to do, knew how to behave in the event of the death of another pilot. All this was trained to automaticity. The incredible speed of refueling a

nd replenishing the aircraft's ammunition was worked out. All this took about 8 minutes. The pilot barely had time to drink a cup of coffee without leaving the cockpit, and then flew back into battle. Israel had, of course, much fewer planes, but enough. And NASER should also be praised for this. Although he would hardly be happy with such praise. The fact was that at that time Algeria was fighting for independence from France. Of course, Nasser supported the Algerians. And then the French decid

ed to help Israel so that it would distract the excessively violent Egyptian president. Israel's entire aircraft fleet was French. Including approximately 60 completely modern MirAzh 3 fighters, which were in no way inferior to the Soviet MIGs. In total, the Jews had 200 aircraft. Two times less than Egypt before the war. So, Day X came - June 5, 1967. Everything was ready - Israel and all its near and distant neighbors had already mobilized and were waiting for the mess to begin. The morning of

June 5 was quite ordinary. Planes circled over the Jewish air bases, as they did every day. Jordanian radars followed them, but did not notice anything strange. But in reality, everything was not as usual at all. This time, simple training planes circled in the sky to distract Jordanian observers. And almost the entire main staff of VVEES secretly left the airfields and flew far to the north - to the Mediterranean Sea. A total of 184 aircraft. This, too, might not have aroused suspicion - Israe

li pilots periodically flew to the sea and practiced something there. But now, instead of returning to base, they turned around and flew towards Egypt. The planes arrived there at about 8 a.m., when all the Egyptian patrols were on the ground and the pilots were having breakfast. The Jews knew very well that at that moment the sky would be free. The tactics of the first strike were as follows - they flew in flights of four, immediately dropped heavy bombs, and then began to shoot standing planes

. After 5-10 minutes the next four arrived. And there are 20-25 attacks in the first wave of attack alone. Actually, back then in military school it was customary to strike with the entire air group at once. If you have 200 vehicles, that means these 200 simultaneously swoop in and shoot from all guns. But the Israelis decided that dozens of planes would simultaneously interfere with each other in the air. And this decision was correct - the Japanese, who attacked Pearl Harbor in a huge swarm, r

eally interfered with each other a lot. In addition, if there is a working air defense at the airfield, only the first four planes will die, and the rest will be able to leave. However, Egyptian air defense that morning... was silent. And this is another amazing example of Arab carelessness. In general, President Nasser had a best friend - Marshall Amer. They had been friends since their studies at the academy. Amer commanded Nasser's entire army, including the air force. Early in the morning of

June 5, he was just flying over Egyptian airfields... and was very surprised when he saw that they were burning. There was nowhere for the plane with the marshal to land. But even this did not turn out to be the main problem: when Amer realized that the Jews were launching an air strike right now, he was afraid that the Egyptian air defense would mistake his plane for an enemy and shoot it down. Therefore, he radioed and forbade the air defense officers to open fire. For which Jews can thank hi

m very much. As a result, the first Israeli strike was devastating. All Egyptian bombers were destroyed. Israel lost only 9 aircraft and 6 pilots in the first wave. One of them actually fell not from Egyptian fire, but because it flew into an explosion that occurred after the ammunition on the Egyptian bomber detonated on the ground. If you compare this with the losses of Egypt... you get a one-wicket victory for Israel. The Arab army lost two hundred aircraft at once. All runways were destroyed

. Therefore, the remaining vehicles could only stand and wait for the Jews to finish them off. Well, they didn’t keep them waiting - soon the second wave arrived. After all, refueling and recharging took only eight minutes, and about an hour more on the road. The Egyptians did not even have time to recover from the first blow when the next one was dealt to them. So by eleven o’clock in the morning on the first day of the war, Egyptian aviation basically ended. Interestingly, in the second wave t

he Israelis suffered no losses at all, although they were ready for greater sacrifices. After all, in Pearl Harbor, in the second wave, the Americans shot down twice as many Japanese planes as in the first. In short, the success was outstanding. The Egyptian command made him even more outstanding through stupidity. When Marshal Amer finally sat down and got to the Ministry of Defense in Cairo, the first thing he did was to inform Syria, Jordan and Iraq that the Israeli invasion had failed. And t

hat the brave Egyptian warriors destroyed as many as 200 Jewish planes. In general, victory is ours, forward, comrades! Following Amer, Nasser arrived in Cairo and had been missing all morning. Having heard from his marshal the positive results of the first day of the war, he noticeably cheered up and began to command. However, then the Soviet ambassador came to him and told him how things really were . This made Nasser very sad and left. He was not seen for the next few days. Usually, when disc

ussing the Six-Day War, the conversation revolves around the reasons for such a spectacular defeat of the Arabs. After all, it would seem that victory should be in their pocket. Why did everything absolutely go wrong ? There are, of course, many reasons, but the first of them is that the Arabs were commanded by cowards and dunces. Syrian President Assad... this, if anything, is the father of the current Assad... so, Assad and King Hussein of Jordan received a message from the Egyptians that the

war began very favorably and there was no more Israeli aviation. And then, to celebrate, they decided to launch their own airstrike on Israel. However, in the afternoon, having dealt with Egypt, the Israeli Air Force turned its attention to the aircraft of its allies. There, history repeated itself - in two passes, the Jews destroyed both Jordanian airfields with the majority of aircraft. And then they also destroyed the Syrian Air Force. In general, absolutely all the air threat from the main e

nemies was eliminated. But there were still not the main ones left. For example, Iraq. The next day, two old Soviet bombers belonging to Iraq distinguished themselves and decided to carry out their raid on Israel and bomb the city of NetAnya. The first plane was intercepted by Jewish fighters in the air. The Iraqi pilot, in a panic, pressed something wrong and dropped all the bombs with the “no explosion” mode. That is, in essence, he just dropped steel bars on the city. However, they damaged se

veral buildings and killed a couple of people. The second plane bombed an oil base and was then shot down. An Iraqi pilot drove a burning car into a tented military camp and took 14 Jewish soldiers to the grave. After that, the Israeli Air Force flew to Iraq... and the Iraqis no longer flew to Israel. In general, as a result, Egypt and Syria still have a certain number of aircraft left - about fifty, but they were afraid to fly. The Arabs lost air supremacy throughout the war. And without suppor

t from the sky, the Arab armies could do almost nothing. But this was not the end. The main actions, of course, took place on earth. There is a temptation to talk about the Six Day War chronologically, day by day. Moreover, there are only six of them. But I think the story will become too confusing. It’s easier to perceive it as separate stories about each direction. There were 4 such directions in total. I have already talked about the first one - the war in the air. Now let's talk about ground

operations - against Egypt in the Sinai Peninsula, against Jordan in Jerusalem and against Syria in the Golan Heights. The Sinai Peninsula is either a sandy, velvety harsh desert, or an equally harsh rocky highland. Life there is possible only in a few oases. And you can cross the desert only along three roads. The northern road along the sea was very well fortified and mined by the Egyptians in advance. The small town of El-Arish, in which 40 thousand people lived, was turned into a fortress.

On the central road, the same fortified area was created around the village of Abu Ageyla. Each of these areas was defended by 2 infantry divisions. And behind them, in the depths of the Sinai Peninsula, stood an Egyptian tank division. The hand of Soviet military strategists was felt here . Israel, of course, knew well what it would have to face. Therefore, the plans for a preventive strike included not only a successful air strike, but also equally devastating actions by tank units. The Jews a

llocated 1000 tanks against the Egyptians. Most of them are old Western cars from the last years of World War II. But in Israel they were greatly modernized. For example, they installed more powerful and faster-firing guns. The Israelites divided this thousand into four parts. The two, the strongest, did the most difficult and inevitable thing - they pierced the Egyptian fortifications in the forehead. Another tank unit moved through the impassable, as it seemed to the Arabs, sands of the Sinai

desert. And in the south, Israeli tanks were supposed to attack the Egyptians, who were going to blockade the Jewish port. The Jews also succeeded brilliantly in all this, although somewhat slower than they expected. On the first day of the war they lost dozens of tanks. However, they were still able to reach El-Arish and Abu AgEil. And as much as the Arabs were unlucky in this war, the Jews were just as unlucky. In the ensuing darkness, they mixed with the column of retreating Egyptian soldiers

and cars and simply reached the city together with them without firing a single shot. And only there the Egyptians noticed that there were enemies among them. But this no longer helped them. The next day, when the Arab air force was finished, Israeli planes were able to join in support of their tanks. They broke through the Egyptian defenses at all directions. Perhaps there were still chances to organize resistance, but then Marshal Amer fell into hysterics. He began sending orders to all units

to retreat as quickly as possible... And on the one hand, he can be understood. Amer was clearly weighed down by the burden of responsibility - after all, Nasser continued to be in the astral plane and all important decisions had to be made by Amer himself. Later, Nasser will still appear and will also give orders... and often contrary to those that Amer gave. This will only increase chaos in the army. In short, everyone started running. Israeli aviation dominated the skies - and the main image

s from this war were the endless roads through the desert, littered with broken and burned Egyptian equipment... This is all the work of Israeli aircraft. The Arabs were surrounded several times, but most of them walked and drove along the road clogged with retreating soldiers to the Mitla Pass - this was the exit to the Suez Canal, beyond which was the main part of Egypt. But a surprise awaited them there. Suddenly it turned out that the Jews made it to the pass even earlier than the retreating

Egyptians! The leading Israeli tank unit got there literally on the last drops of fuel. And she even managed to dig in there. And then columns of Egyptians began to approach. They did not have a common command; it had long ago lost control of the troops. But the majority of the soldiers did not give up their weapons and were ready to fight. The junior officers decided to fight their way through the pass. All attacks looked similar - at first, the commanders gathered fighters around them, made i

nspiring speeches and moved forward. Where the Israelis quickly shot them all without harm to themselves. And this went on all day. The last attempt to counterattack happened on June 8 and ended in complete defeat for the Egyptians. At this point, all organized resistance ceased. Crowds of unarmed Egyptian soldiers walked along the roads , whom the Israelis sent towards the canal, and sometimes even took there in trucks, which they captured from them. The Israelis took only officers prisoner - t

here were 5,000 of them. They say that sometimes someone was shot. Well, it is quite possible - in war this cannot be ruled out. On June 9, a ceasefire was declared. By this time, the Egyptian troops were completely defeated both in the sky and on the ground. The Israelis lost only 338 people killed here. And the Egyptians are from 10 to 15 thousand. In the end, it’s interesting to talk about how the media on the losing side covered the war all this time. For the first four days, Cairo's propaga

nda radio provided the Egyptians and all other Arabs with the most optimistic reports about the progress of the fighting. Then this flow abruptly stopped... and on June 9 Nasser spoke on the radio, who suddenly announced that the war was lost and he was resigning. There is no need to think that this was a noble emotional decision. Nasser was forced to leave by the same Marshal Amer, who all this time unsuccessfully tried to command the defense. As a result, the coup d'etat failed - Nasser decide

d to remain in his post, and the marshal was sent under house arrest and a month later he committed suicide. Nasser ruled Egypt for more than 10 years. He again received weapons from the USSR and again threatened Israel, but tried to avoid real war at all costs. His authority among the Arabs was greatly shaken. So, with Egypt everything is clear. It was Israel's most powerful enemy, but not the only one. Let's talk about Jordan now . And in general they had a good chance not to interfere in this

war at all. On June 5, when all Egyptian aircraft were dying in the Sinai and Jewish tanks were attacking, Israel offered peace to Jordan and promised that it would not attack. However, Egypt ruined everything here. Again. The King of Jordan received the same message from the Egyptian leadership that the Israeli attack had been successfully repulsed and the Israeli Air Force had been destroyed. The king decided that victory was already in his pocket, and that it would be a sin not to join in th

e rout. He ordered the shelling of Jewish settlements on the coast to begin. In Jerusalem, the Jordanians cheerfully fired 6,000 rounds at the Jewish part of the city, which destroyed almost a thousand buildings. As we already know, all this did not help King Hussein’s subjects much. Geographically, central Israel consists of two lowlands - near the sea and a valley near the Jordan River. With a mountain range between them, along which several cities stand: Jerusalem, RamAllah, Shehem and Jenin.

The Jews lived below, on the shore, and the mountains and the Jordan Valley were, strictly speaking, controlled by the Jordanians. And Jerusalem, which had a mixed population, was also controlled by the Jordanians. As well as the road from it to Tel Aviv. Right now there will be a bit of military stuffiness. King Hussein's 2 infantry battalions defended Jerusalem, four defended Jenin, and two more tank and two infantry battalions stood in reserve. The advantage of their position was the ability

to quickly bring up reinforcements to Jerusalem, but the disadvantage was that it was difficult to transfer reinforcements to Jenin, since there are almost no roads in the mountains. However, the positions occupied by the Jordanians were excellent for both defense and attack. But the Israelis attacked. On June 5, King Hussein spent the whole morning deciding whether to enter the war or not, at lunch he rejoiced at the strikes of his aircraft, by the evening he was left without aircraft and beca

me very sad. All this time his troops remained in place, the moment for the attack was missed. If the Jordanians had attacked the Jews early in the morning, when the Israeli Air Force was very busy over the Sinai, they would have created a lot of problems for the Jews. However, this did not happen and in the afternoon the Jews struck themselves. Israeli paratroopers launched an attack on Jerusalem - they sought to bypass the city from the north, climb the dominant mountains and only then begin t

he assault. The Jews stormed Jerusalem the same way the Roman Emperor Titus stormed it a thousand years ago: first seizing control of the Storozheva and Maslenitsa mountains. And it wasn’t a matter of symbolism - it’s just the most obvious way. Jerusalem was defended by the best unit of the Jordanian army - the Arab Legion. It was formed during the Israeli War of Independence and consisted of volunteers who wanted to end the Zionist state. And they were commanded by mercenaries from the British

army. Despite the fact that the Arabs lost the war, the legion performed well. He was able to capture the Jewish Quarter in the Old Quarter of Jerusalem. After the end of the war, the British commanders were expelled from the legion and included in the Jordanian army. On the first day of the war, the Jews managed to bypass Jerusalem on both sides, cutting off both the road to the north and the south. The Jordanians hastened to send support to the Jerusalem garrison - several thousand infantry an

d a hundred tanks. After the destruction of Jordanian aviation, the Israelis controlled the skies. To avoid their raids, it was decided to move at night. However, this did not help: the Israelis illuminated the columns of equipment with rockets and bombed them to pieces. Nothing arrived. The Arab Legion, left without help, nevertheless fought steadfastly for the city. The next morning, in the suburbs of Jerusalem, the fiercest battle of the entire war took place - the battle for Arsenal Hill. 40

concrete bunkers, hundreds of meters of deep trenches, many rows of barbed wire. The hill was defended by 200 legionnaires, and 500 Israeli paratroopers stormed it. The battle lasted four hours, it was a furious trench battle in the best traditions of the First World War, with shooting at each other at close range, throwing grenades and hand-to-hand combat. Ordinary Israeli soldiers said that the Jordanians fought like devils, and the Jordanians themselves, who were captured, told the Jews: “We

fought like heroes, but you fought like shahids.” If, from the emotions of the participants, we turn to dry numbers, then the result of the battle looked like this: 35 or 37 Israeli paratroopers and 71 soldiers of the Arab Legion were killed, about 90 Jews and almost 50 Arabs were wounded, almost all of them seriously. Arsenal Hill was taken, and by evening the Israelis rose to commanding heights. On the night of June 7, King Hussein sent his last reserve, an infantry brigade, to Jerusalem. The

y decided to move again at night, but this time not along the road, but through the mountains. Like they won't be noticed there. In vain. They were noticed and also bombed. On the morning of June 7 , an extremely sad meeting took place at the royal headquarters . In the north, where the Jews attacked Jenin, things were also going very badly. The Jordanians, unable to withstand the onslaught, retreated. As a result, the entire western bank of the Jordan River was lost - the ancient Jewish cities

of Galilee and Samaria came under Israeli control. After discussing the situation with his advisers, the king took two decisive but contradictory actions. First he spoke on the radio and called on his subjects to fight the Jews to the last drops of blood... and then gave the Jerusalem garrison the order not to resist. Around noon, Israeli paratroopers entered the Old City. And they came under sniper fire - many Jordanian snipers either did not receive the king’s order to stop resistance, or did

not want to carry it out. However, the Jews soon found themselves near the Western Wall of the Temple. One of the first to achieve it was the chief rabbi of the Israeli army. He stated: “We came here to never leave.” Soon, Israel and Jordan, with the help of the UN, agreed to a complete ceasefire, and the war on this front ended. Jordan proved itself in the Six Years' War as the most competent and persistent opponent of the Israelis of all Arab countries. And she drew the most reasonable conclus

ions from the defeat - not to fight the Jews anymore. And Jordan did not participate in the next Arab-Israeli Yom Kippur War. In the 90s, a peace treaty was signed between the countries and since then trade and tourism have been booming. The most dangerous enemy in the Six-Day War has now become one of Israel's calmest neighbors. So, we have the last front left - the Syrian one. The Syrians and Iraqis were the most vocal participants in the Arab coalition. All politicians in both Damascus and Ba

ghdad were impatient to take revenge on the Jews. However, when it came to war, all these heroes quickly hid. The Iraqis, for the most part, simply did not reach the front - they did not have time. At the beginning, the Syrians were also in no hurry to go anywhere. Only when they received a message from Amer that Egypt had successfully dismantled the Jewish Air Force did they decide to launch a raid on Haifa. In the evening, Israeli Mirages arrived for a return visit and two-thirds of the Syrian

aircraft ceased to exist. This turn of events plunged the Syrian command into melancholy and for the next three days they avoided any action. However, the Syrians are partly understandable. They occupied the Golan Heights - a 500-meter hill in the north of modern Israel. It was an excellent defensive position from which the Jewish settlements in the lowlands were perfectly visible. For 20 years, Syrian artillerymen amused themselves by shelling Jews working in the fields. And in the six-day war

, at first they did the same thing. Four days passed like this. The Jews defeated the Egyptians and Jordanians and now their hands are free to finally deal with the Syrians. In principle, Israel understood that the war had already been won, but the Jewish command wanted to put an end to the Golan problem. In the sense of getting Syria out of there and giving farmers the opportunity to work without shelling. They did not have time to come up with some kind of cunning plan, so they decided to take

the heights with a head-on attack, on a 500-meter steep slope, on concrete pillboxes, minefields, thorns and artillery. The question may arise: why didn’t the Israelis have time? On the contrary. The main enemies are gone. You can calmly deal with the latter. But the fact is that the world leaders - the USA and the USSR - liked what was happening every day less and less. Already on June 5, the Soviet government began to declare its commitment to the cause of peace and offer to stop hostilities.

On June 6, it began to demand a decision from the UN Security Council... By June 10, Chairman of the Council of Ministers Kosygin had already written to the American President about the USSR’s determination to intervene in the conflict by military means in order to stop the overly successful Israel. Well, everything is clear with the USSR, Moscow was saving its hapless Arab satellites. The US position is more interesting . Lyndon Johnson fully shared the Soviet desire for peace, but his main co

ncern was that Nasser was spreading information that the Americans were directly helping Jews in the war. Johnson was very outraged by this. If only because a few hours before the attack, the Jews even broke the antenna at the American embassy so that they could not notice the start of the attack and warn Washington. Johnson asked Moscow to influence Cairo. Nasser, indeed, lied about the participation of the Americans. Apparently, so that the defeat of the Arabs would not look so shameful. Well,

Johnson also had good reason to worry - this lie was widely spread throughout the media of all Arab countries. Even today, many in the Muslim world believe that the Americans participated in the Six Day War on the side of Israel. In fact, the Americans not only did not participate, but were generally very I'm not happy about this conflict. After all, they seem to be world leaders, but there is such a movement here, and again no one asked their permission. So, in the UN Security Council , both t

he Soviet Union and America looked at Israel poorly . It was clear that they would soon force Israel to stop, so the Golan Heights had to be taken quickly. On June 9 the assault began. The tanks were dragged up the mountain by tractors, under constant fire, losing people and equipment. The attackers were supported by aviation, which showered the Syrians with bombs. Only the next day, when the Israeli army bypassed the Goal Heights from the south, did the Syrian defense collapse. They retreated t

o the town of Kuneitra, their main base, and were surrounded. In the evening the city was taken by the Israelis. Now in front of them lay the unprotected road to Damask - only some 70 kilometers. The Jews had tanks, and in principle nothing prevented them from making a forced march. However, this idea was abandoned. War is over. At the very end, it was time to talk about what Israel got from its victory. Well, firstly and most importantly, it has survived as a state. He also tripled his size. On

e healthy Sinai Peninsula is worth it! And also the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights. After 6 years, a new war broke out, and Egypt tried to take Sinai back, but to no avail. It just so happened that Israel eventually returned it itself - in the 80s. But he still owns everything else. Although this fact is not recognized by the UN. Well, the return of Jerusalem was an event that the Jewish people had been waiting for 2000 years. But Israel's political gains were no

less important than their spiritual and territorial ones. The Americans, having looked at all this, changed their policy in the Middle East. They decided that the Jews really seemed to have come here never to leave. This means they can become the main ally for the United States in the region. Soon the Israel Defense Forces were re-equipped with the best weapons in the world - American - and received a reliable friend and patron for many next decades. And the Jews didn’t even have to ask for it

- when they began to win, an influential ally himself came and gave everything. And now it is unlikely that any of the neighbors will risk trying to throw the Jews into the sea. Thank you for watching. I remind you about likes and subscriptions! This really helps the video move forward. Well, if you write a comment, that’s great. Also subscribe to our telegram and the second channel with streams. Well, subscribe to Patreon, Busti, connect Sponsorship on YouTube or just help us with crypto. If, o

f course, you can and want. As usual, I say thank you to everyone who has been helping us for a long time. This is Vlad, Sergey VladImirov, Nikolay Grishchenko, Sergey Polyansky, Stuffy Dan, Aquarius, CrazyKat, Alexia SuIss, RoksolAna, Anna Makunina, What Remains of me, Stepan Bandera, Political Circus, Bogdan Sirenko, Denis Romanov, Igor Novotny, Jasper MUER, 33 crazy Uzbeks and a NATO sex instructor with Yarosh’s business card on Abrams and also these wonderful people Thank you all, bye to all