The history of India is believed to be several thousand years old. The first modern humans or Homo sapiens arrived in the Indian subcontinent from Africa about 65,000 years ago where they first evolved. The oldest known modern humans lived in South Asia about 3,000 years ago in 6500 BC. Evidence for the domestication of food crops and animals later appeared in Mehrgarh and other sites in what is now Baluchistan, building permanent structures and storing agricultural surplus. These gradually evol
ved into the Indus Valley Civilization, the first urban culture in South Asia in what is now Pakistan. And in Western India during 2500 to 1900 BC, Pompeii Mehargarh is an archaeologically important place where many remains of the Neolithic era from 7000 BC to 2500 BC have been found. Indus Valley Civilization, whose origin is believed to be from around 3300 BC, Ancient Egypt . And along with the Sumer civilization, it is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The script of this civilizat
ion has not been successfully deciphered yet. The Indus Valley Civilization was spread in present-day Pakistan and its adjacent Indian territories. On the basis of archaeological evidence, it began around 1900 BC. There was a sudden decline of civilization . According to the prevailing view of the western scholars of the 19th century, a class of Aryans reached the borders of the Indian subcontinent around 2000 BC and first settled in Punjab and it was here that the Rigveda was composed. Answer a
nd A developed civilization was created in Central India, which is also called Vedic civilization . Vedic civilization is the earliest civilization in the history of ancient India, which is related to the arrival of the Aryans. It is named after the early literature of the Aryans, the Vedas, the language of the Aryans. It was Sanskrit and the religion was famous by the name of Vedic religion or Sanatan Dharma. Later, this religion was named Hindu by the foreign revolution. Vedic civilization dev
eloped in the coastal area of Saraswati river which includes the states of Punjab, India and Haryana of modern India. Generally, most of the scholars The period of Vedic civilization is believed to be between 2000 BC to 600 BC, but many remains related to the Vedic civilization have been found in the remains found from new archaeological excavations, due to which some modern scholars have started believing that the Vedic civilization started in India itself. They were of Indian origin only and
the period of composition of Rigveda must have been 3000 BC because neither any evidence based on archaeological excavation nor DNA research has been found of Aryans coming to India. Recently, the Archaeological Council of India The discovery of the Saraswati river has revealed a new perspective about the Vedic civilization, the Harappan civilization and the Aryans. The Harappan civilization has been named Indus Saraswati civilization because out of the 2600 settlements of the Harappan civiliza
tion, there were only 255 settlements on the Indus banks in present-day Pakistan, while the remaining Most of the settlements are found on the banks of river Saraswati. Saraswati was a huge river, it used to break the mountains and go through the plains and merge into the sea. Its description comes again and again in the Rigveda. 4000 years ago, the land also changed. The Aryan people used to wander here and there with their wild families and animals like nomadic shepherds. These people learned
to use sharp stone weapons. They call this civilization of humans as Yulit civilization. This civilization has some When there was improvement, then the Chilaya civilization came. The humans of the time when all these weapons and tools were available were in the form of monkeys. Among them, the real humans , Vaakasha Chaat Reindeer civilization emerged. At this time, human mind started developing among the people, then after this came the real civilizations. In which the first civilization is ca
lled the Neolithic period. The man of this civilization era was a real human being like himself . The period from the era of equality till the Neolithic civilization is called the Stone Age. After the Stone Age, the Metal Age emerged in the human race. The beginning of the Metal Age From the Copper Age till the end of the Neolithic Age, man's intelligence had developed a lot. At the same time, agriculture was invented. Agriculture was the mother of equality. Today , the first farmers in the worl
d were the Aryans in search of useful places for agriculture. The land of Punjab. They came in 1500 AD and named it Sapt Sindhu Pradesh. The Aryan people spread across the entire Sapt Sindhu region but the center of their civilization was the Saraswati banks. The Aryans established the Copper Age on the Saraswati river banks. Here they found copper and made their stone weapons. The researchers have found signs of this Copper Age in excavations at places called Chanu Der and Vijan. This place is
on the dried path of Saraswati river flow. In Mesopotamia and Ilam, this civilization is called Proto Lamine Civilization. Sumeru species is called after the protein mite species. After the Sumerian civilization, the Egyptian civilization emerged in Mesopotamia. The famous American archeologist Shad de Terra is said to be the one who brought the Indus region into the stone and metal age. After the copper civilization, the bronze civilization came. The bronze civilization was probably of the Sume
rians. During excavations in places like Ur Fara Kish in Mesopotamia and Susa and Tapa Musan in Ilam, they found remains of the copper civilization beneath the bronze civilization. Wherever in Mesopotamia, signs of this copper civilization called Tor Lamine have been found and Sumeru. Among the layers of the bronze civilization of Jati, he found a 4 feet thick layer of clay soil frozen by the waters of a great flood. European archaeologists are of the opinion that this layer of soil was formed b
y the great flood which In ancient texts, it is said that Noah's cataclysm was present. The remains of the Proto-Elamite civilization of the Copper Age have been found below the level of this cataclysm, which means that the Proto- Lamine civilization existed in the first phase of this cataclysm. Below the remains of this civilization Signs of low grade stone civilization have been found in some places . Jain and Buddhist sects became popular in the seventh and early sixth centuries BC. Ashoka wa
s an important king of this period from 265 to 241 BC, whose empire extended from Afghanistan to Manipur and It had spread from Takshashila to Karnataka but could not reach the entire South. Cholas proved to be the most powerful in the South. Sangam literature also started in the South at the same time. During the lifetime of Lord Gautam Buddha, during the seventh and early sixth century BC, there were 16 major powers. Mahajanapadas existed. Among the most important Gana states, there were Shaky
as of Kapilvastu and Licchavi republics of Vaishali. Apart from the republics, there were also monarchical states, among which Kaushambi Vatsa, Magadha, Kaushal Kuru, Panchal Chedi and Avanti were important. These states were ruled by such powerful people who expanded the state. And had adopted the policy of assimilating the neighboring states, however, there were clear signs of republican states even when the states under the kings were expanding. After this, India got divided into small states
. Sindh was invaded by the Arabs in the eighth century. This is considered to be the entry of Islam. By the end of the 12th century, the throne of Delhi came under the rule of Turkish slaves who ruled for the next several years. In the south, there were Hindu kingdoms of Vijayanagara and Golconda. Vijayanagara fell in 1556. In 1526, Prince Babur, exiled from Central Asia, took refuge in Kabul and invaded India. He established the Mughal dynasty which lasted for the next 300 years. At the same ti
me, Portugal's maritime trade started from the south-eastern coast. Babar's grandson Akbar established religious tolerance. He became famous for removing Jizya tax from Hindus. Aurangzeb re-imposed it in 1659. Aurangzeb forcibly converted Hindus into Muslims in Kashmir and other places. At the same time, Marathas were becoming powerful under the leadership of Shivaji in Central and South India. When Aurangzeb turned his attention towards the south, the Sikhs emerged in the north. As soon as Aura
ngzeb died, the Mughal Empire disintegrated in 1707. The British ensured trade rights over India by driving out the Dutch, Portuguese and French and crushed a rebellion of 16857. India got independence in 1947, in which the contribution of Mahatma Gandhi's non-violence based movement was important. Republic rule is in force in India since 1947. India was divided at the time of independence, which led to the birth of Pakistan and both the countries. There is tension on other issues including Kash
mir. Located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere, the mainland of India is located between 8 degrees 4 minutes and 37 degrees 6 minutes north latitude and 68 degrees 7 minutes and 97 degrees 25 minutes east longitude. From north to south. Its maximum length is 3214 km and maximum width from east to west is 2933 km. The length of its land borders is about 15200 km while the total length of coastline of mainland Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar Islands is 71.6 km. India Official Name Republic o
f India English Republic of India Transliteration Republic of India is the largest country of the Indian subcontinent located in South Asia. India is the seventh largest country in the world geographically, while the largest country in the world in terms of population is Pakistan in the west of India, Afghanistan in the north-west. China, Nepal and Bhutan lie in the east, Bangladesh and Myanmar
Comments