แอนิเมชัน ๒๔๗๕ รุ่งอรุณแห่งการปฏิวัติ Official

Go to Vajirayan Library. The struggle of the youth takes place on 2 levels. It is an inside and outside of the legislature movement. They confirmed the 3 initial demands. Same as before. General Prayut must step down, the constitution must be changed and modernize the monarchy. They claim that there are people who want the constitution amended. More than 100,611 names Apparently, opposition leaders are putting out a proposal to change Section 256 of the constitution. What’s up, pal. Have you wok

en up yet? I had to get up early today because of a crucial mission. Observe what is on that golden tray. There hasn't yet been a constitutional amendment. We don't know how long it will take. I'm not sure if it will occur during this government or not. The procedure for amending the constitution is unclear to us. What will happen if the constitution can still not be changed? This is the second succession of power. This is an effort to maintain and extend power of the dictatorship that stole the

power of the people. The problems with this constitution are all political issues. It's a political matter and the sections relating to national reform not at all mentioned. Why did we fail to deliver democracy to Thailand? What went wrong? Hi! Tee, Major. I'm here. You said you'd arrive first. Ha Ha.The traffic is heavy. Let's finish the job quickly, I'm hungry. Oh! This place is bigger than I thought. To finish schoolwork, searching Google is simple. There are many reference book websites. Ho

wever, the teacher requires book and library images on assignments, that’s why we came. Sigh! There are digital copies of all books. Why is our teacher underdeveloped? Come on, we haven't been to the library lately. At least I have the new content. Libraries' content—who watches? At least our classmates will get to know the actual library. Everyone must use the library for schoolwork. Oh, that's true. Where to look first? Is a search engine available? Wow Wow Wow Our mission today is time trave

l to this historical library to do a study report…What's the subject, Ms. Major? Constitution Day Ms.Suntree, do you notice that? What exactly did you want me to do here? See, there is a ton of books, no search engine. How long will it take me to find the information? The library is completely out of date. You can't blame me if I don't send the work on time. Where is the librarian? Not only that nobody shows up to read the book. Also, there is no librarian. Let's get a book and then head out. Wh

ich constitution are we looking for? There are many constitutions in Thailand. It must be the first one from 1932. I'm afraid that if we have to work with every edition. Our nation abolished the constitution very often. Our country has the most constitutions. This is a fascinating one. That's communism. Berm! We're here to write a democracy report. Hey! Marxism is the ideal regime to equalize everyone. Karl Marx said that… Democracy is the road to socialism. Where did you hear that from? Check i

t out on YouTube. Don't make me teach you. Does your home have internet? If we're looking for the constitution, should we browse Prof. Pridi's books? because he wrote the first constitution. Then look for more Prof. Pridi's books and additional books about the constitution. What! What is your fuss about? The man in the picture was looking at me. You’re out of your mind. You must quit doing drugs. I think this is weird. Let's go home. Wait, let's find a book to do the schoolwork. Let's choose a f

ew books to photograph. We downloaded all reference books. We can finish the report at home. Wait.. Is that the librarian? Where? He just went that way. Oh, I wonder where he went. Hey, Tee. Are you sure that person is the librarian. Or is he a ghost who wants to take you along? Shut up! Major. Is he actually in there? Let's go in This place looks similar to the game ‘Resident Evil’. Why do you always end up in a horror story. Wow, this room is simply amazing. Amazing, it looks like a museum in

here. How is it possible that such a chamber exists? It isn't mentioned on the library website Do flying books exist? It's not Hogwarts. The librarian is there. Uncle! We seek books to write a study report about Thailand's constitution. Where should we look for? In which year? There are many versions of the constitution. The first one of 1932. Year 1932, temporary edition or "December 10" edition? Which edition was the first to be used? We’ll take that one. The temporary constitution was used fi

rst. The official version is "December 10". There was a draught version that was not used. If you were to write a study report on the constitution's history, you should start with these three. This uncle is quite weird. Just the books we have digital copies of. We simply want to photograph the books’ covers. How many reference books do you use? I used dozens of books. I'm glad to see young people enjoying reading. Now books are easier to find. I may download and read at home. If it’s not the tea

cher's order, we don’t need to come here. Have you actually read all of them? Ouch! Do you realize that studying history isn't fixated like studying math? It represents the author's perspective. Choose a story to write and decide on its interpretation. Many vital facts remain untold and continually vanish over time. That’s why we must read multiple works from many perspectives to connect the dots and uncover the undeniable history. Uncle, we're just making a report, not research. We'll ask him t

o find us two or three books. We only need book cover photos. Here are the books you need. You can choose any books you want. There are so many books. Many of them I’ve never seen before. This book is the permanent constitution. It has been in use the longest. This is the first constitution, which they claimed the best one, as Section 1 states, "The supreme power belongs to the people." However, it was in effect just for short-term. They had to rewrite it to make compromises with the monarchy. T

his should be enough. Let's go... SHABU! Thank you, Uncle. You recommended to read all three constitutions. Which version do you think is the best? I'm not sure because the version from King Rama VII had not been in effect. The version that was in effect, it came with different problems. I think Prof. Pridi's first constitution was the best because it gave power to the people the most. Bolsheviks edition, is that so? What? The Bolsheviks. Isn't that Russian Marxism? Yes, Russia's government syst

em was copied as a model for Pridi's first constitution. This caused conflict breaking apart Pridi and Phraya Songsuradet. That smeared Pridi a communist, didn't it? Have you ever read Pridi’s "Yellow cover dossier"? We read it! The Draft of National Economic Plan of Prof. Pridi. Oh! How could they allow kids to read this? What do you think after reading it? Uh! I think Prof. Pridi's theories were too progressive for people back then to understand. Have you ever read the "White Paper"? The royal

consideration against the "Yellow cover dossier"? Um, what do you think after reading this? I believe Prof. Pridi was accused of communism. Enslaving people as labor forces. How is that democratic? I think that during the Great Depression, People should’ve appreciated "Khana Ratsadon" for making sure that everyone has a job as stated by the "Six principles". Doesn't that go against the principle of giving people freedom? We can have freedom, but it shouldn't be against the economic policy, whic

h is more important. Enough, Tee, Let's go out to lunch. Did you know that even Pridi confessed it was a mistake? Because he didn’t think about the reality of the nation. and the fundamental nature of human. Where did you get it from? From an interview with Pridi by Anthony Paul in 1979. Tee...Go get shabu. Are you saying the 1932 revolution was a mistake? Our nation has come too far to blame the past. Because we can't change history. Therefore, we must understand the mistakes in the past. and l

earn from them to go forward. Enough, Tee... We must go. Okay, Uncle, we have all day today. I'm democratic enough to listen to different point of view. You must have read a lot. What would you like us to know? You can tell us. Major, Help me stop this guy. If your story is illogical, we'll argue. Okay.... I'm full. Alright, follow me. Wait, what should I call you? We’ve been talking for a while. I don't know your name. You can call me "Uncle Dawn". First of all, Who was the first person to sug

gest Thailand to have a constitution? Prof. Pridi, right? It must be "Khana Ratsadon". So, let's see. How did Thailand's constitution begin? The Kingdom of Siam. A nation full of great art, friendly cultures, and a wide variety of people. It is also a major business center for the region. People from all over the world talked about this kingdom and how wealthy Suvarnabhumi was. But when the other side of the world needs raw materials from another of the world. It turned trade into war. Eventuall

y, the colonial war crept into Suvarnabhumi , where peace took place for many years. As King Rama III of Siam had predicted before, "It appears that that the wars with Vietnam and Burma are over." During the reign of King Rama IV, foreigners invaded the Kingdom of Siam and forced to sign an exploitation treaty. To prevent a war that could’ve caused its independence. But because Rama IV, King of Siam, was so good at the administration of foreign affairs. The colonization was prevented via accepti

ng exploitation through trade deals and the unfairness of extraterritorial rights. The King of Siam expedited national reform The King of Siam expedited national reform But the problem was that the bureaucrats didn't want the change. So, His Majesty utilized strategies to help people understand the wisdom of the new world. Through the mysterious pictures that his majesty assigned to craftsmen to draw in the royal monastery. His majesty’s reforms were established an essential basis for developmen

t during the succeeding reigns. Slavery in The West started with capturing people from another continent and use them as slaves. However, it created large groups of people who held back their anger and rage. And a massive civil war was breaking out in their country. King Rama V of Siam foresaw the future catastrophes. His Majesty expedited the continuation of several reforms by establishing the National Advisory Council to evaluate the "Royal Tradition" draft. which resembled the first constitut

ion, Similar to the Magna Carta of England. His Majesty abolished the slavery system step by step. to decrease the impact of labor loss and the organization of the economy His majesty adjusted the government system. Focus on developing people to take part in and be responsible in running the government. Distributed the education to public schools in each region. But in general, change and reform were still in a slow progress. Because of the government’s benefits system and the country's ancient

culture roots. Still, His Majesty was determined to give The Parliament and The Constitution, which would be the best benefits for people in the future. King Rama VI of Siam continued his efforts to successfully establish The Parliament and The Constitution. His Majesty allowed people to expressed their opinions through the simulation city of "Dusit Thani. Associations were formed to test the parliamentary system. Allow nobles and civilians to learn about national security and government service

as a group. His Majesty founded “Chitrada Club” to bring intellectuals together to discuss art, culture, and politics. Using the simulation results in practical applications To identify and resolve problems before implement at the structural level. But it seemed His Majesty's wish wasn't fully understood. When China had the Xinhai Revolution, Siam had the "Palace Revolt of 1912". They intended to initiate the regime change by assassinating the king. Even though it wasn't successful and everyone

was caught. With mercy, King Rama VI spared their lives with no death penalty for the rebels, who were all Siamese citizens. But it also raised awareness of the growing necessity for regime change. However The constitution's implementation was delayed because of World War I. King Rama VI had chosen to join the Anglo-French alliance, who had conflicts with Siam since the reign prior. And the alliance's victory allowed Siam to negotiate the modification of unjust treaties. Siam also became a foun

ding member of the League of Nations. When the war ended. The catastrophe of violences Turned into the economic crisis which was the Great Depression. Even a new superpower such as the United States and old superpowers such as European nations confront food shortages crisis and people were equally unemployed. This crisis happened during the reign of the new King of Siam, who had the basis of artilleryman. King Rama VII believed in the ideas of the parliament system and the constitution. His Maje

sty asked a consultant who had previously served as an American ambassador, to write the draft constitution. Francis B. Sayre, the American consultant specified that the King needs to select those who have the right skills to serve in Parliament. But both American advisers and the Supreme Minister still believed that Siam was not ready to be immediately ruled by the parliamentary. Because the effectiveness of this parliament depends on the quality of its citizens, If the quality wasn't good enou

gh, Siam would be in chaos. King Rama VII entrusted Phraya Srivisarnwacha and Mr. Raymond B. Stevens with the mission of drafting the constitution, intending to implement it into the government under his majesty’s power. However, they both objected that the time was not yet right. The economic crisis must be taken care of first then to prioritize the education for the Siamese people, and start with local elections. King Rama VII decided to travel to multiple countries in order to learn the gover

nment system in deep detail before giving the constitution to the people of Siam. But before King Rama VII could present the constitution, The regime change occurred. The revolutionary plan was initiated in a hotel No. 9 Rue Du Sommerard in Paris , France On February 5, 1926 A group of Royal Scholarship students raised funds together to rent a big room for the secret meeting. Due to dissatisfaction with the nation's condition and economic difficulties, those were the effects of the Great Depress

ion after World War I. The Royal Scholarship students thought that absolute monarchy was outdated and couldn't solve any problems. The constitution has to be established as the supreme law. They determined "Six Principles" as follow: 1. To maintain the supreme power of the Thai people 2. To maintain national security. 3. To maintain the economic welfare of the Thai people in accordance with the National Economic Project. 4. To protect the equality of the Thai people. 5. To maintain the people's

rights and liberties, insofar as they are not inconsistent with any of the above-mentioned principles. 6. To provide full education for all Thai citizens. And they plotted to overthrow the monarchy. There are seven founders : Lieutenant Prayoon Pamornmontri Lieutenant Plaek Khittasangkha Naep Phahonyothin Tua Lophanukrom Jaroon Singhaseni Lieutenant Thatsanai Mitphakdi with Pridi Banomyong as president and civilian leader to overthrow the absolute monarchy and establish the new system which is c

onstitutional monarchy. This is the origin of "Khana Ratsadon" (the People's Party). The promoters thought that The coup has to be quick and clean which requires the use of military forces. Lt. Prayoon was a well-known individual in the army. He persuaded Phraya Songsuradet, the army teacher who was known as "The Brain of the Army" Phraya Songsuradet joined without hesitation because he had the same ideal of establishing a constitution. However, Phraya Songsuradet alone could not manage all mili

tary forces. So they persuaded Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena, a well-known military officer, to join their rebellion. Later, Phraya Song invited his close friend, Phraya Sri Sitthi Songkhram. However, Phraya Sri Sitthi Songkhram declined, claiming that the King was about to present a constitution. Even if Phraya Sri Sittisongkhram's did not participate, Phraya Songsuradet was successful in convincing junior officers, Phra Phrasasphithayayut and Phraya Ritthiakhaney. They were known as "the Four

Musketeers" of KhanaRatsadon. However, most soldiers were still loyal to the monarchy. Phraya Songsuradet who was the army teacher, so he gave more privileges unequally to students who were members of the royal family, this made the other soldiers unhappy and they eventually disunited from the monarchy. Meanwhile, Pridi, who was a law professor. He taught and convinced the new generation, to join "Khana Ratsadon". However, when the time was near in year 1932, The promotors had gathered only nine

commanders of military forces. So, Phraya Songsuradet decided to avoid battle, not to engage. He planned the revolution on the day when King Rama VII was scheduled to travel to Prachuap Khiri Khan to inspect gunboats. And use military force to seize the power and hold the royal family as hostages in order to intimidate and force the King to sign the constitution. And the key person who must be captured was Phraya Siharat Dechochai, Phraya Senasongkhram and Prince of Nakhon Sawan, who was the mi

nister of interior at the time. I'm ready. Let's go. Mr. Chief of The Police, how may I assist you? I would like to see Prince of Nakhon Sawan urgently. I have to report some important information. Attention! all cadets are required to equipped with full tactical gears and rendezvous at The Equestrian statue. For the training of combat strategy against tanks. Sending cadets in the role of infantrymen. What happened? Why do they call up so early? I heard that Haw rebels are invading. Soldiers! Ge

t ready! Recently, there’s a report that Haw rebels have taken over an armory. Everyone, prepare for any circumstance! All troops will board the trucks going to the palace. When you get to the destination, you'll be briefed about the mission. All of this was Phraya Songsuradet's plan to issue fake authorizations. Some officers said the Haw rebel’s assault, some officers said it anti-tank practice. The troops didn't know anything because they had never experienced a revolution. The confusion was

the key to success. All soldiers obediently followed their commander without questioning because they were trained to do so. Some of the promoters split up for two different missions; One group was to cut the phone lines and telegraph wires, another group was to handed out the leaflets of Khana Ratsadon’s announcement. These leaflets caused a lot of conflict and confusion later on. Your Highness! A riot has erupted. Here is the list of the promotors. I’ve prepared a small steamboat at the pier f

or Your Highness to transport to the temporary headquarters of the Royal Guard Regiment. Hold on, relax. How could I leave? I have the responsibility of the capital city for His Majesty. And this!! How is this even possible? Poj and Thep were my students. They are excellent pupils. But I heard that Phraya Songsuradet, uh.... is the plotter. and Chao Khun Phahon is the leader. Impossible! Your news is likely false. If "Prince Baworadet" was the leader, that would make sense. Put down your weapon

s and surrender if you wish to avoid bloodshed! Phra Phrasas? All troops must be prepared and remain in position. Do not leave. Stand by for the command order. Where are "Haw rebels"? I don’t see any of them. Is it just a new training strategy? Now, the People's Party, military and civilians have completely seized control of the government. To abolish the ancient system of absolute monarchy and establish democracy, like other civilized nations. Soldiers who aren't part of the revolution should r

emain calm. Do not resist, and do not leave the grounds area until permission is granted. If you would like to support and collaborate with "Khana Ratsadon", who seizes power, we are delighted. This is for the prosperity of our nation. Hooray! Hooray! Hooray! Phra Phrasas! Are you also a rebel? I’ve done this to change the system, no intention to harm the royal family. But I would like to take Your Majesty to the "Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall." To ensure the safety of "Khana Ratsadon". Hah! Pleas

e come this way, Your Highness. We need to talk. Your Majesty, there is an urgent telegraph from the chief of police. There are riots in Bangkok. Please be careful, Your Majesty. Hooray! Hooray! Hooray! Anyone who agrees with the civilians, the army and the navy Take one step forward. What is this? What’s happening? Do you support the revolution? Uh ah... Tell me which side you're on. Answer! Put them all in prison! Looks like you’ve forgot everything since the day your reverend father entrusted

you with me. I raised you till you graduated from the military academy in Germany. I was a chairman hosting your wedding just last month, wasn't I? Whatever! Let me go change my clothing, first. Wait, Your Highness! Hay! Shoot me! Shoot! Soldier, lower your guns! Do not be too aggressive! Please cooperate, Your Highness. Sa-nguan! Lead the troops to negotiate with law professors at Suankularb School and other royal schools. Everyone should stay put. Soon, it will be done. Spread these leaflets

around every community to let people know. The "Wild Tiger Corps" won't go against us either. According to our statement and constitution outline, which were written by Luang Pradit (Pridi) , we want a system like Britain's where the king is under the constitution. The leaflets should have been spread everywhere by now. Prayoon! Are you collaborating with them too? Phraya Atikornprakat told me from the start that you would rebel with them, but I didn't believe it. You were named by me. I've take

n care of you since you were little. Are you angry that I missed your father's cremation? If my father knew, he would be so sad. Where are you taking me to? Don't play a dirty trick. Please head to the throne-hall. I can guarantee your safety. I'll stay and watch in person myself. I hope you realize how bad is the mistake you made. Who is the leader? Prince Baworadet, right? No,Your Highness. Then who? I remain unable to inform you, Your Highness. Prayoon. You are a rebel, death sentence is the

penalty. I am not a rebel. I’m not overthrowing the monarchy. If I made a mistake and failed, I could be executed. However, we have now succeeded. Your Highness are not in any danger. You and who people who seized the power, what do you want? What is your goal? You want a parliament and a constitution, right? Yes. Will it be better than what we have today? Prayoon. Every civilized country has a parliament, except Abyssinia. And what old are you? 34 years old, Your Highness. What a naive kid! Do

you know Thai people well enough? You'll have trouble with people! The Chakri Dynasty has ruled for 150 years. We know how to rule the country very well. Can your rebel group finish the uphill job? For centuries, the royal family ruled and made the population credulous. Seizing the power with ease is impossible. We will probably have to seize the power again many times. The Constitution and Parliament will be established eventually. You can't count to ten without starting at one. However, for th

e operations today, there is no casualty. What did you study? Political science from Paris, Your Highness. Oh, quite an expert. You probably know Robespierre, Marat, and Danton the fellow French rebels pretty well. Finally, they used the guillotine to slay each other, remember? I pity you. I raised you. But you're now a rebel. You may avoid crime and beheading. But you will be killed by your own allies. Remember that! Sir, may I enter? Yes, come in. I bring food to deliver and some leaflets that

we distribute to the public. Huh? Let me see. Huh?. Is this our announcement. All the people, When this king succeeded his elder brother, at first people hoped that this king would bring peace and prosperity, but everything has not turned out as they hoped. The king maintains his power above the law as before. To all the people, you should know that our nation belongs to the people – not to the king, as has been deceitfully claimed. It was the ancestors of the people who protected this country,

save the independence of the country from the hands of the enemy. Therefore, the people, government officials, soldiers and civilians who know about these evil actions of the government, have joined together to establish "Khana Ratsadon" and have already seized the power from The King. But as for the Head of State of the nation, Khana Ratsadon has no intention dethrone. Hence, we’ve invited this king to remain as the head of the state. But his majesty must be under the law of the constitution,

and cannot do anything independently... Khana Ratsadon has already informed the king. If the king refuses or doesn't respond in time, with the selfish reason that his power will be decreased, it will be regarded as treason to the nation. Khana Ratsadon would like to have everyone who didn’t participated in the coup seizing the power from the king's government that was above the law, to remain calm and carry on. Do not do anything to obstruct "Khana Ratsadon" If The People help "Khana Ratsadon",

It means The People help the nation, the people, your descendants, and great-grandchildren. The country will have full independence. People will have safety. Everyone must have employment without starvation. Everyone will have equal rights and freedom, not being peasants, serfs and slaves of the monarchs. The era of monarchs living off the people is over. What everyone desires is the greatest happiness and progress which can be called Sri-ariya, will arise for everyone. Luang Pradit (Pridi) has

made things worse. All Troops! Get ready to fight the rebels. Right now, “Khana Ratsadon” has taken the royal family as hostages. Anyone who interferes with “Khana Ratsadon” will be punished, and the royal family will also be harmed. They have taken Prince Boriphat (Prince of Nakhon Sawan) into custody. What are your plans, sir? Fall back! Due to the fact that “Khana Ratsadon” has seized the power with a strong desire for Siam to establish a constitution. My request is that all soldiers, govern

ment officials, and citizens to maintain peace. Thai people's blood should not be lost for no reason. The word Sri-Ariya stunned Prayoon. Why? Because Prayoon believed that Pridi used "Sri-Ariya" instead of "communist." "Sri-Ariya" refers to the next Bodhisattva who will usher in a utopian society. How is it bad? The word "Sri-Ariya" used by Pridi, comes from a book called "Lok Phra Sri Ariya." or "The Utopia" Pridi acquired this idea while studying in France. So, what is the content of the book

? This book is about the concept of socialism, or the socialist economic system, which Pridi considered suitable for Siam. It was later used as the basis for the “Yellow Cover Dossier”. and this is where the conflicts within "Khana Ratsadon" began. Also, why did everyone think "Prince Boworadet” was involved? Even though, he wasn't. The rumors about the revolution have existed since before the capital city's 150th anniversary celebration. However, most of the monarchs believed that "Prince Bowor

adet" would be the leader. Due to his popularity inside the military. He requested to raise the salaries for military personnels and government officials whose salaries had been cut due to the economic crisis. Which made him a hero for those who opposed the old government system. And he often gave suggestions to the King to grant a constitution. Even the leaders of Khana Ratsadon like Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena, and Phraya Songsuradet counsel him on national issues from time to time. Luang Su

pachalasai sent me a letter inviting me back to Bangkok. To be a king under Khana Ratsadon's constitution. If I agree to return to Bangkok, we’ll be risked of being murdered. What is your opinion, my queen? I would prefer death rather than living with shame. If you decide to return, I’ll go with you. We go together. Your Majesty! The Artillery Regiment sent a telegram stating that their forces are ready and standby for the battle against the rebels. They’re awaiting orders from Your Majesty. Mil

itary forces will invade the capital immediately. Don't do anything! Fighting leads to pointless deaths. I don't want many to die while I live. However, I’ve already been considering establishing a constitution. I'm ready to return to Bangkok to help the military junta make the country's change go smoothly. Therefore, at 6:00 p.m. on June 25, 1932 King Rama VII went back to Bangkok. Her Majesty Queen Rambhai Barni said that The King had long predicted that a revolution would occur. Additionally,

many people are aware that the King will also grant a constitution. due to the fact that it is already written. However, during the discussion with the senior royal family, there were some objections. So he said that even if the constitution was established, the revolution would still occur with some claims of dissatisfaction. Since that night, His Majesty has been residing at the same palace of His Majesty, Sukhothai Palace. And never went back to the Dusit Palace. The following day was the fi

rst appear before the king after the revolution. I stand up to honor "Khana Ratsadon". All announcements of Khana Ratsadon have been retracted. And I would like to request a royal pardon for all members of "Khana Ratsadon" who initiated the revolution. Furthermore, I have prepared the drafted constitution for Your Majesty's royal signature. Act of Interim Charter for Public Administration of Siam, 1932. Section ⁠1. ⁠The supreme power of the Country belongs to all the people. It has been said tha

t Phraya Songsuradet held different views from Pridi Banomyong since before the revolution. Because he couldn't stand with radical-progressive academician. During the first meeting of Khana Ratsadon, He went out to complain about Pridi to 1st Lt. Prayoon Phamonmontri. Announced on the 27th of June 1932, and enforce into the law, from this day forward. What kind of constitution is this? I still don't understand. Let me verify that first because it seems too complex. You have time to read all of i

t in one hour, is that okay, Your Majesty? He’s afraid of losing power and refused to give the royal signature. If the teacher gives you a book to read in an hour and then take an exam right away, would you accept that? How could you compare that? The King doesn't need to take exam for good grade. Do you think the Thai constitution was written and signed in one day? There are so many factors that need to be checked. Some constitutions need a referendum before enforcement. How was a referendum po

ssible at that time? People couldn’t read yet. Someone with knowledge must make the decision. If not, the system of administration would have remained unchanged. That is why the King was in charge of double-checking the laws on behalf of the people. Therefore, he could not just give the royal signature immediately. It was just over ten pages, it only takes a few minutes to read. The Constitution is the supreme law. When announced, it impacts everyone nationwide. If the King signed right away wit

hout double-checking It's like sending people into a dark cave where the unknown dangers await. And after reading it, he found that it was very aberrant. Did Pridi write the constitution based of the Britain’s? I haven't seen the details yet. But it must be as promised. Have you read it yet? I haven’t, Your Majesty. And you, have you read it yet? I didn't read it because I had no direct responsibility. But I was told that Phraya Song had firmly told Pridi to draft a constitutional monarchy like

the British. That is my intention as well. But why is the Siamese Constitution called the minister "Council of People's Commissars" like Communist Russia? I would like to give confession. I've never read it before. I therefore request your forgiveness and swear to revise the constitution to Your Majesty's. If Phraya Song guarantees that the constitution will be revised, then I’m willing to trust Phraya Song. However, today I refuse to sign at all costs. When they can't resist the royal request,

they extend the deadline to 5 p.m. of the next day. What have you done! We all agreed on a constitutional monarchy. Why did you draft a Russian law? Calm down, do not fight here. Let's figure this out. You shattered everything. Why didn't you just do what we all agreed to? You didn't keep the deal and we all are doomed! This incident caused the breakdown of their relationship. Phraya Song and Pridi never reconciled again. Oh, that's serious. Why didn’t anyone read it before it was given to the K

ing? Perhaps some of them read it but not every detail and no one raised any concerns because they were not familiar with law language and they trusted Pridi, who was the leader and a law professor. Seriously, is it just a word? If Pridi simply changes the word, it should work. That's right. Have you ever watched YouTube videos? They said that the first constitution draft was the most democratic. Yes! It was written that Section⁠1.⁠ The supreme power of the Country belongs to all the people. Hav

e you read the constitution yet? It's not just that. Rights, liberties, and duties of the citizens were not written in. It just stated the powers and duties of "Khana Ratsadon". Isn’t that normal? They just launched a regime change recently. Khana Ratsadon must take responsibility first. You may believe so. But one person writing the constitution and many people electing representatives to write the constitution —which one is more democratic? But I think Khana Ratsadon's coup was the right thing

. Otherwise, they'd never stop thinking that the people were unprepared and democracy wouldn’t even start. Are people ready for democracy in your generation? How well do people know what their rights and duties are? At least we started at 1. But if the first button is fastened incorrectly, the rest is also incorrect and there will be more consequences. You should read the journal by the Japanese ambassador, Yasukichi Yatabe. He stated that, at a time when people were aware that the King was goin

g to grant a constitution. They all blamed Khana Ratsadon saying, "Early ripe, early rotten." They said it since that gen. I thought new gen started saying it. King Rama VII's constitution still maintains power in the monarchy. How is that democratic? Do you know why The American Constitutional Advisor design the constitution for The King to continue ruling. Why? Because people still didn’t understand Democracy at the time. So, the monarchy must support at the beginning. Start with local electio

ns. In order for people to gradually learn about their rights and duties. What makes it different from the Khana Ratsadon? Khana Ratsadon chose to make sudden changes. In the end, it was just a change of power to a new set of rulers. On the next day, Phraya Phahon led Khana Ratsadon to engage in a second audience with King Rama VII. I promise to organize a working group to write a new constitution as soon as possible. Democratic government has long been on my mind. I thought of various forms and

consulted with government officials. When I sign this constitution, a constitutional monarchy will have arisen. However, Khana Ratsadon's announcement attacked and antagonized my administration. Being attacked so harshly, no king can stay on the throne. I am open for criticism. However, I have devoted all my abilities. With sincerity, for the prosperity of the populace. I have no heir and I am not so healthy. I should abdicate from the throne to live peacefully. I apologize for that announcemen

t. I promise to improve the situation. Please do not abdicate just yet, Your Majesty. We regret our mistake. I don't know what will happen in the future. If my eyesight were better, and The People's Party no longer bring me disgrace, Maybe I will remain but for now I have to deal with it. But if I abdicate. The throne should belong to Prince Songkhla's son. Because Prince Phetchabun's son has been skipped. As a result, I will not alter detail of the proposed constitution. But I'd like to change

a minor issue. Only one issue. I try to understand why the constitution you wrote turned out this way. Considering that you just took over power, you want to retain stability and government. I hope that the new permanent constitution will recognize the principles of monarchy and truly limit power through the constitution. Even when there’s a temporary constitution, the next issue is How to choose who to be the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars? At the meeting, Phraya Phahon nominate

d Prince Boworadet to be the chairman, but the committee rejected the nomination. Presumably because of his status as a member of the royal family and his arrogance. Because of this rejection, Prince Boworadet and Phraya Phahon's relationship got worse from then on. As for Pridi, he nominated Phraya Manopakorn Nitithada, believing that he could be the middleman to resolve disputes with the royal family, since his wife was the lady-in-waiting. The committee unanimously agreed. On June 28, 1932 Th

e parliament chose Phraya Manopakorn Nitithada as The Chairman of Council of People's Commissars. I am overjoyed and honored. But I was deeply worried. But I'm thinking about the benefits for 12 million people. I should do it, and I will do my best. Although the council members have been appointed, but Khana Ratsadon's statement by Pridi, which harshly attacked the monarch and the royal family, continued to infuriate the people and the royal family. Eventually, the promotors had to ask the king

for help again. Dear M.R.W. Woraphongpipat, Khana Ratsadon sent a letter saying: There is discontent within the royal family that threatened the peace. If ignored, it will enrage more. That's why Khana Ratsadon asked me to mediate with the royal family. If this is true, I think it’s not right at all. The royals should help to maintain peace. Because the purpose of the constitution is part of my intention. Please inform the royal family and explain to the royalists. Don't do anything that could m

ake things worse. Even sarcasm is inappropriate. Because if there is a dispute, it will be a threat to peace. After that, the People's Party appeared before The King and asked for Royal Pardon, that the announcement was made so violently against the Chakri Royal Family, on the day of the revolution. Phraya Srivisanvaja, who wrote the constitution for King Rama VII, was also in attendance. Sriwisan! Didn't you already know that I'm going to grant the constitution? Why are you embarrassing me like

this? Your Majesty, I'm not really involved in this at all. I questioned you that is it the right time to grant a constitution or not. You said it is not the right time yet and you also gave me Stevens' note that support your ideas. I assigned you to write the "Municipality and Local Administrative Organization Act" to let the public choose their representatives. Pridi, you are aware of this, aren't you? We had no idea that Your Majesty was about to grant a constitution. We did not know Your Ma

jesty's intention. When we found out, there’s no more misconception. Your Majesty has our utmost respect, as always. Who wrote that announcement? It's me, Your Majesty. Why do you use harsh words and throwing accusations? I only think about how to win, by persuading the people to support only our side. We cannot lose. If we lose, we all die. At least, you accept your mistake like a man and have courage to speak truthfully without equivocation. When you’ve carried out this ceremony today, It clea

rly shows that everything you did was for the greater good of the country. You have consistently demonstrated your bravery and compassion. You dare take responsibility when you regret a mistake As a result, people will have significantly more trust in you. In this regard, I am quite pleased. The first Khana Ratsadon's announcement, as we know it, has become fake news. Why did Pridi write lies in his announcement? To erode public trust in the monarchy. Prevent resistances against the People's Par

ty. Until the regime change accomplished. And if it's false, then why do people still talk about it every year? Even though it's not true and they've already asked for pardon, But it is a part of history. You've probably heard numerous falsehoods, despite being debunked by facts, but they are still repeated. Is it like fake news about tax increases? It's repeated every year. They keep repeating even things that we are sure that they are lies. There are some lies inside the history lessons that y

ou’ve been studying as well. Then how do we know which one is false? You need to study and think for yourself, don’t just believe what other people say. I just tell the story of what happened. To prove it, you need to read it and see it for yourself. Tell me more. I'll go look for a book to read. Don't just talk the talk All should end happily, however after everything cools down, Khana Ratsadon attempted to deport the royal families who were detained at the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall, and dema

nded a sum of money from the Prince of Nakhon Sawan, saying that it would benefit the country. I have no money and I am not as wealthy as they claimed. Also, I need money to go abroad. If you think I haven't done enough for our country, then take my house. Marshal-Admiral Paribatra Sukhumbandhu, Prince of Nakhon Sawan was forced to give the Bang Khunprom Palace to Khana Ratsadon. On the day he left Thailand, his daughter wrote a note that he had less than 12 hours to depart. He didn’t even have

a chance to pay farewell to King Prajadhipok and The Queen He only had 9000 baht. He had to leave behind all of his working life's memories. We were taught to respect the dignity of the uniform. I may make mistakes like everyone else. But I've…never committed a sin. The serious conflict between Pridi and Phraya Songsuradet, This sowed seeds of untrustworthiness within Khana Ratsadon. At first, the People's Party was willing to adopt a constitutional monarchy similar to the British, with the King

as Head of State. However, Pridi's announcement attacking & accusing King Rama VII was forged into effect. And it caused serious hostility between The Monarchs and Khana Ratsadon. Furthermore, before the revolution, Phraya Songsuradet had recommended the reformation of the military, but Luang Phibunsongkhram was strongly opposed. After the revolution, Phraya Songsuradet had taken control of the military, he moved swiftly to reform the military, as he had planned. Reduce the army's size. General

s were de-promoted to Colonels. There were also rumors that Phraya Songsuradet planned to send his officers to take charge of numerous administrative departments. And removed Luang Phibunsongkhram and his subordinates to prevent them from having command authority. Luang Phibunsongkhram was very upset about this. This untrustworthiness continued spread within the commanders, Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena, When Phraya Song arranged a meeting of military officer without informing him. How dare you

threaten me with guns? I am Phraya Phahon. Is Phraya Song in the meeting room? Lower your weapons. What the hell is that supported to mean? My apologies ; the junior soldiers are still unaware of who the commander is. Numerous demands were made. If this continues, it will affect the internal stability of the government. People might start to think that there is no difference between the revolutionary government and the old one. We should set up a grievance committee. And stop the newspapers from

reporting about complaints. Do you know Thai people well-enough already? You'll have trouble with people! Can your group attempt an uphill task? Do you know that Phraya Phahon's new son is named “Constitution”? Will this guy become a new king? Hey! You haven't paid yet. Thai people are now free. I don't have to pay. Jook, why haven't you served a meal yet? It'll be past noon. Luangta. We're now equal. Why do I have serve you? Would you like to try the Freedom Cane? At that time, the Great Depre

ssion had been ongoing since the end of World War I. When Khana Ratsadon enacted a regime change, another hope offering to the public is to improve the economy. When people were asking their promises. Thus, the House of Representatives assigned Pridi to write an economic development plan. This process took him months, Exploring and combining case studies from various nations, theoretical perspectives, and religious traditions. I heard today that we will finally handle constitution-drafting issue

s. Without a letter from the King resolving the problem of the royal family's roles, things would not proceed smoothly. Following that, we must expedite the economic issues. What about Pridi's economic development plan drafting? I heard that Pridi proposed socialist economic principles to His Majesty. It seems His Majesty was quite interested. I only hope that Pridi's economic development plan won't cause another problem like the first draft of constitution. During the Royal Constitution Ceremon

y, a replica of the royal altar was used. Due to the King's command not to use King Phra Ruang's Manangkasila Throne. Including not wearing King Rama I's royal breast chain. Because these two kings had reunified the nation. Therefore, he is not worthy to wear and sit on their belongings. After the royal ceremony had passed smoothly, the plot should follow Khana Ratsadon's 6 Principles. But the dark mystery of "power" began to work faster than the plan to seize power. After King Rama VII granted

the constitution. His Majesty chose to go back to Klai Kangwon Palace. However, the government at the time made an attempt to invite His Majesty to take a train back to Bangkok. It was doubtful why they wanted His Majesty to come back. At that time, there were many rumors that there was a plot to capture the king and force His Majesty to retire or to give approval for anything the government wanted. Therefore, King Rama VII always carried a pocket pistol. Soon after, there were rumors. "The King

is a coward, he must take a tiny gun with him wherever he goes." Some mockedd him. "How can such a small pistol fight the enemy?" Thus, King Rama VII clarified: This pistol has only two bullets. One bullet for the queen, and one for me. If they’re going to force me to sign something that scams my people, I'll shoot myself. In late February of 1933, The economic outline of Pridi had been completed. He printed and delivered to the promotors and brought to the cabinet meeting. This economic strate

gy was not based on communism, but rather combines capitalism and socialism. The numbers are just hypothetical. Let's summarize. Do we accept this principle? If we flip through it, it might be considered as communism. But we didn't seize properties. We bought the land back into the government’s management. It is anticipated that all citizens will be guaranteed not to starve to death. Your economic strategy is not a singular doctrine. I would like to know what the principles are. There is no spec

ific theory given. I picked what would be useful. My policy is mixed with both socialist & liberal. This project is significant massive. It might take a century. The government cannot buy all property in 20–30 years. We shouldn't announce it if we can't do it. And in my life-time, I assert confidently that this policy could not be done. If we do not announce an economic plan, there would be consequences. Similar with the time when His Majesty intended to grant the constitution, but made no publi

c announcement. As a result, there was a revolution. If every policy is enacted, I will give no approval. But if only some policies are enacted, I will give approvals. Let's say we tentatively enacted the policy under the name of Pridi and that we do not officially commit in the name of the government? That’s good. I’m eager to take full responsibility for this. After it’s announced, they can blame me. March 28, 1933 Another cabinet meeting was held to discuss this issue. Gentlemen. Following ou

r discussion, there have been so many disputes about Pridi's new economic plan. It would be beneficial to hear various perspectives on this economic plan from those with expertise in governmental administration. Because of this, I'd like to bring the written consideration of His Majesty. about the new economic plan's outline for each of us to read and think about. Regarding the welfare of the people, Pridi suggested that the new government will provide employment for everyone to prevent poverty

& starvation. The government will establish a national economic plan to give the welfare to our people. His Majesty the King has consideration that if you are going to initiate the economic project, please listen to the people. Do not force them to give you their votes. Please don't get offended if other people don't like these procedures. Next, Pridi proposed the monthly wages for all are to enacted for the people who desire for government employment and steady pay. But Not always since many pe

ople enjoy working independently. And lots of people dislike labor work. If the government provides labor jobs, they would not want them. Our land is fertile. But people do rice-farming only 6 months a year. Government must arrange for people to utilize the remaining 6 months for productive work. Don't forget that Thai people value independence and freedom. Being forced is not a comfortable thing. If you force people to work, how would that make them happy? We have many labors who are lazy and w

asting and they are social parasites. The government must have the economic control and force everyone to work for the interests of the nation. Who will accept themselves as social parasites? Who will decide that? The government’s opponents might not think that they are social parasites, but the other is. The government will purchase farmers' land Without the communist expropriation. If you forced them to sell their land where the owners work hard to grow crops, they refuse to sell it, then you

force them or just take it, eventually. Government will sell lotteries. There is no objection to this matter. Some said there would be losses if the government took over the economy directly. That is an example from an unruly nation. But, if the government uses labors in the most beneficial way possible, how can the government incur losses? Even if you can force people to work, but if they lack skills, you may also incur losses in case of bad result, the only individuals who do not starve are th

ose who point finger with orders. If we have enough resources for living, weaponry to defend the nation, education, and healthcare. No nation wishes dictate us. We will have independence in politics. But with this Russian-style economic plan, other nations will perceive us as a threat to peace. We can say that we are not communists. However, Russia uses this. If the world thinks that communism enslaves people, wouldn't they despise us? The people will have equal rights not to starve to death. Ho

w can we remain equal? If some people are enslaved as labors, the others are just experts of pointing fingers. Siam has never seen somebody starve to death. But if you follow that project, the working-class civil servants may all STARVE TO DEATH, EQUALLY. Probably only experts of pointing fingers survive. This plan may restrict some liberty, in order for the people to achieve complete contentment. Would the people desire liberty without food? Every nation must limit freedom for the benefit of th

e people. Disallowing citizens to work voluntarily, It means restricting freedom. Not only humans, but also animals in well-fed zoos. As soon as the cage is opened, they flee. Because they prefer freedom over convenience. The government officials must work to their fullest capacity, Laziness will be punished. Ain't this oppression? All citizens receive life-sentences, and force everyone to work extremely hard, right? According to this economic plan, I think that success is impossible without for

cing. It’ll become a slave state instead of officials of government. If compare to human, animals are more difficult to starve, since they can always find grass to eat. But in this slave state, the only way to survive is slavery. These are my personal views on the issues being discussed. Whether this is correct or not, this is only my opinion. To determine who is right and who is wrong, one must simply try it. However, there is one crucial fact that cannot be disputed: this project is identical

to the one that is functioning in Russia right now. But who will be the model for who, I have no idea. Whether Stalin imitated Pridi or Pridi imitated Stalin. However, this Pridi's economic plan should be abolished, because instead of providing enjoyment to the nation, it will cause sufferings everywhere. And it will be a disaster leading to the destruction of the nation, which is the legacy that the Thai people have inherited from the ancestors. Inscribed with royal signature of King Prajadhipo

k. The meeting reached the conclusion. Reject Pridi's economic plan, but accept my economic proposal to expand cooperatives. If His Majesty disagrees, there is no other option, I must resign as the minister. Calm yourself. Don't resign abruptly. Rejection of Pridi's economic plan caused a lot of chaos. Even for the record, the Japanese ambassador stated that the extremists were acting irrationally. Though they lost the cabinet resolution, They still considered petitioning and reconsidering. The

National Assembly of the House of Representatives on March 30, 1933. Some radical representatives even brought guns into the parliament and pulled out a gun to show their opponents. We changed the national system to help the people. We had no intention of raising elderly men to displease us. From now on, anyone who offends us will be sent to the Prince of Death. Phraya Songsuradet solved the problem by deploying a company of soldiers to the entry of the parliament and search for weapons and assi

gn armed military personnel to take seats among representatives in the parliament to maintain security. Thus, the neutral representatives were too scared to enter the parliament. This made the government of Phraya Mano worry that Pridi's side would try to use the parliament that has only Pridi's men to vote for his economic plan. This violation of liberty is insane. Cancel the order of searching firearms, right now! The firearms search is cabinet-approved. To cancel the order, you must contact P

hraya Song. Are you gonna cancel the order or not? When the situation became too difficult to handle, on April 1, 1933 Phraya Manopakorn Nitithada declared The Dissolution of Parliament, canceled some sections of the constitution and set a schedule for new election, to have legitimate representatives of the people. He then appointed a new cabinet without Pridi's name on the list. However, there was a mistake with severe repercussions. The Election schedule in April had been postponed indefinitel

y. The Four Musketeers had a serious meeting, Phraya Phahon was the only one who still supported Pridi. After establishing a new government, the "Communist Act" was issued, concurrently. In addition, they demanded Pridi to depart from the country with no return. Similar to exile but with a £1,000 government scholarship to study in France. Just go, Khun Luang. Go to France for a while. We will find a way for you to return later. Everything that happened here, Luang Phibunsongkhram believed that P

hraya Songsuradet was the chief of staff behind the scenes. Communist joke. They just want to bring the old system back. That’s why they smeared other people communists. What made you think of that? To write a constitution, Phraya Manopakorn had to have counseling with His Majesty. The economic plan also needed counseling with His Majesty. And then deported professor Pridi via smearing him a communist. Did the king have no right to be concerned about his country after the revolution? Khana Ratsa

don was so amateur that the politics was also unstable and even the economic wasn’t better. There were so many problems that Khana Ratsadon even requested assistance from The King RAMA VII. Khana Ratsadon also asked for royal pardon. They even asked The King for Reconciliation with the royal families & the royalists, in order to change the system of government with ease. What Phraya Manopakorn had done was betrayal to Khana Ratsadon. Yes,Pridi was the one who nominated him and got everyone’s sup

ports unanimously. But the cabinet voted against Pridi’s Economic plans. Isn’t Democracy about the majority votes? But uncle, the parliament was influenced by the white paper The King also opposed it and other people believed the king as well. I think the communist smearing is way too much. Prof.Pridi denied of being a communist. But it was Liberal-socialism. How was it Liberal? Giving everyone liberty & equality. The government forcing the people to work as labor, how is that Democracy? People

in that generation were too afraid of communism. The principles of communism are very good. If it’s very good but is it really practical? Do you really think people would work with that system for the rest of their lives? Just to feed themselves day by day? We should try it before judge it. There are real bad examples from Russia that scared people in that era. The Communists began to infiltrate Siam since 1925. The Siamese officials had arrested and deported them many times. Uncle, they used co

mmunism in the wrong way. If they used communism with caution, everyone would be well-fed, no starvation. Communism is not authoritarian, uncle. How many countries used communism and didn’t become authoritarian? Alright, do you know that the principles of communism are similar to ant colony? How is that? Each ant has their own duty, a queen ant mates & reproduces, worker ants transport food, male ants mate and die, soldier ants hunt for food and protect worker ants. Ant colony is active with eve

ry ant that dedicates to their roles They share food with each other, each ant doesn’t collect for its own. They are born to work and die. Ants can do their duties. They have no moods, no feelings or other complexities like human. But we human desire to live however we want. I also believe that each one of you has different dreams. I want to be game-youtubers, play game and get paid. I want to be a NASA astronaut, I’m gonna move to Mars. Don’t you want to be a singer? I often see you singing to

youself. Berm! I’m not short of money, just want to make society a better place. But if everyone of you had no choice because the government regulated everyone to work. No one was richer, just like Ant Colony, would you accept that? But everyone could have better lives without starvation. Isn’t that better, uncle? Better lives? Well-fed but no freedom? No Liberty? Born to work and die? Having life but not able to make a living? But if we explain to everyone and work together, then it’s possible.

If other people work in an office but you have to be the laborer digging in the dirt, would you accept that? Berm! You’re big guy, you should be labor force, I should be in the office. No, I should be the one to use brain, it’s you who should be labor force because you are strong. See? Some jobs are light, some jobs are heavy. Who wants to do the heavy jobs? That’s why The Communists had to wield with authoritarian power There was also the ruling class and people were enslaved into labor force

as well. Wait…Communism also divides people into classes? As Pridi said the lazy ones and the social parasites must be put into labor force. Is this tyrannical? Yes, that is why equality of communism is just utopian. Because we human love freedom, no one wants to be forced for the whole life. In the end, it was just another dictator ruling other people. The King Rama VII opposed it because he saw this as a threat to society. The cabinet also opposed it. Even Pridi himself, he realized later that

this was a big mistake, and this is where the serious conflict within Khana Ratsadon began. Have you heard the news that The Four Musketeers disputed each other so bad. Wait! They just took the power and all of the sudden they fought each other. They heavily disputed on the Yellow Cover Dossier. Phraya Phahon was not happy that Phraya Songsuradet crossed the line Since Phraya Songsuradet lowered the size of the military. Yes, and that made Luang Phibun very angry. Phraya Phahon was also so mad,

he grabbed a knife and chased after Phraya Song. Ha! Ha! Ha! Are you nut!? Phot is insanely lusty,I can’t accompany with him. Fighting each other again? What is it about this time? Someone told him that I overwrote his order. I think it’s not good if this continues. Agreed, I think we should resign from the cabinet, as we discussed from the beginning. What we’ve done is the revolution and it was success. We better step down and let the other people continue the politics. Then you should convinc

e Phot to resign with us. You’ve got along with him quite well. The Four Musketeers who joined the revolution, they all resigned from the cabinet. After consulting with Luang Phibun Songkhram, Phraya Manopakorn Nitithada invited Major General Phraya Phichai Songkhram aka “Gap Sorayothin” to take Phraya Phahon’s place as The Chief of Army, And appointed Colonel Phraya Sri Sittisongkhram as The Army’s Director of Directorate of Operations. While Lieutenant Colonel Luang Phibun Songkhram took this

opportunity and become The Assistant Chief of Army. Then Phraya Mano & Prayoon went to Klai Kangwon Palace, for His Majesty's royal signature. I don’t trust Luang Phibun. Luang Phibun is my friend since The Military Academy. We studied in France together for years, he’s always honest and faithful. I guarantee with my life, and if Luang Phibun becomes betrayal, I will sacrifice my head for you, Your Majesty. If Prayoon guarantees with confidence. I’m willing to trust you this time. But The Resign

ation of The Four Musketeers is a big news. Newspapers said that workers marched to mourn for Them. Phraya Songsuradet & Phra Phrasasphithayayut, after their resignation of every department, they went abroad for a long vacation. But all this mess was not over yet. 2 days after The Four Musketeers resigned. on June 20, 1933 The first military coup occurred. But Phraya Mano seemed to be already aware of it before. Dear Prime Minister Phraya Manopakorn Nitithada The Army, The Navy and The Civil Ser

vice have decided with unanimity that The cabinet under your leadership has ruled which led to adverse effect. Our beloved nation is heading to chaos. The Army, The Navy and The Civil Service would like your excellency & every minister of the cabinet to resign right now. And we would like to have your excellency report to His Majesty, in order to announce Assembly of The House of Representatives and elect the new cabinet. If there is any problem obstructing the process, The Army, The Navy and Th

e Civil Service will invite me, Colonel Phraya Phahon Phonphayuhasena. to take control the capital city and the administration. After King Rama VII went to announce Assembly of The House of Representatives as the coup d'état perpetrators demanded. Phraya Phahonphonphayuhasena became the second Prime Minister. He appoint a new cabinet, which included Luang Phibunsongkhram. While those who were against the Yellow Cover Dossier, including Prayoon, were excluded from every department. Phraya Phahon

announced that he would be Prime Minister only during a transitional period of 15 days. but His Majesty King Rama VII withheld his resignation. because he saw that Phraya Phahon was a person who had the trust of the people, and could effectively coordinate with all parties. Phraya Sri Sittisongkhram, who was just promoted, to the director of Directorate of Operations, was discharged, and returned to The Ministry of education as previously. This made Phraya Sri Sittisongkhram very angry with Luan

g Phibunsongkhram. But he needed to remain calm for now. Until the government of Phraya Phahon formed a select committee to investigate whether Luang Praditmanutham (Pridi) is a communist or not, which was unanimously resolved to be exonerated from the accusations. Therefore, Luang Praditmanutham was able to return to the country. Phraya Phahon presented the name to the king, suggest to allow Luang Pradit to return to bureaucratic service again. As a result, there was widespread opposition from

many people, because they believed that Phraya Phahon would bring back Luang Pradit's Economic Plans. Therefore, Phraya Phahon had to announce an urgent statement that, Luang Praditmanutham coming back to Siam, does not mean that his economic plan will be put into effect. The government still supports the rights of the individuals and also promises that, Luang Praditmanutham’s Economic Plan will not be put into action. The problem seems to be resolved. but then there was another cause of conflic

t. The incident in which Thawat filed a lawsuit against The King, has reached into the House of Representatives. Some members discussed with harsh phrases when referring to His Majesty. This caused great frustration with the government. So, Phraya Sri Sitthisongkhram decided it was time for him to do something. So he was supported to be the commander in chief by gathering a group of military officers, who did not want the communist regime to join in the cause. Luang Phibunsongkhram knew that sev

eral people were frustrated and wanted to oppose the government. So he had to do something as a deterrence. Recently, it appears from the investigation that you have had a meeting and have always thought about what’s going to cause unrest throughout the country and make the governmen concerns. This would cause the administration not progressing as it should. As I have responsibility to maintain peace and order. Therefore, I would like to remind you to exercise peace of mind. If you still resist,

the promoters will respond violently. This is not a threat. However, it is a warning with good intentions. I intend to be a peaceful citizen. But they forced me into this. What are your plans? Later, Luang Phibunsongkhram’s orders were given to the artillery battalion. In other provinces and air divisions were ordered to send artillery shells and bombs from all of the arsenal back to the Department of Ordnance, with the claiming of checking and changing gunpowder. Which left the artillery batta

lions with only blank ammunition. All of the air squadrons had no actual bombs, there were only cement-made bombs for training. We will launch an unexpected military attack to capture key government officials in The Capital City. This plan is too risky. We cannot let The government have time to prepare itself. Sir. Luang Phibunsongkhram is dangerous. He must be dealt with as soon as possible. I have a better idea. We gather as many troops as possible from many cities, then we deploy a greater nu

mber of troops to surround The Capital. to pressure the government to resign. So how can we gather troops from every city? Military officers in each city, they are all my students. Let's siege the deer. After that, in the meeting, they decided to deploy “Siege The Deer Strategy”. Prince Boworadet was chosen to be the leader of "The Nation Savior Group". No one thought that this decision would be the first step of defeat. Because of changing commander and the modification in the battle plan, this

made some soldiers to hesitate and withdraw. Some of them even joined the government. Khana Ratsadon government intends to put communist system into action and will overthrow the monarchy to change into The Republic, which will surely lead to the disaster of the nation. Therefore, I request Your Majesty's permission to deploy troops to seize the power back and re-establish a government. I do not agree at all. Especially the royals, we should not be involved with this. Who will believe that it’s

for the greater good of the nation? But, Your Majesty! When they desired power and I had grant it to them it should be given in a pure manner. Do not interrupt or get involved. If you want to negotiate for modifications, I'm happy to be the mediator. But I disagree if you fight with each other. Don't do it. Even though, King Rama VII dissented, but The Nation Savior Group was still proceeding. Soldiers, there’s catastrophe in The Capital. The government brought Luang Pradit back to the cabinet.

in order to implement communism. and overthrow the monarchy. The Nation Savior Group needed to mobilize. Now the Nation Savior Group has seized Don Mueang. All pilots, standby for my command. They accused us of being communists and going to overthrow the monarchy. I would like to emphasize that this government is loyal to His Majesty The King and we will defeat this rebellion. I have called for this emergency meeting to inform the government's decision that we will fight. and I am confident tha

t we will win. With the current situation, I hereby declare martial law. And Luang Phibunsongkhram will be the commander to suppress the rebellion! Even though, The Nation Savior Group is trying to create unrest, but Your Majesty will have my word that the government will make the country return to peace. Prince Boworadet, Phraya Si Sitthisongkhram, and Phraya Thepsongkhram are rebellion against the King's government attempting to overthrow democracy and the constitution. to re-establish absolut

e monarchy just like the past, which the government will suppress all of them. Fire! Luang Phibunsongkhram was the commanding officer, as an artillery officer who graduated from France. The shelling starts from 5:00 p.m. until the nightfall. The rounds all fell into the paddy land. The artillery unit of The Nation Savior Group did not fire back, because they brought only blank ammunition. Sir, there is an order from the government to use the Royal Sukhothai battleship to shoot the rebel strongho

ld at Don Mueang. Are they insane? The battleship's cannons are linear guns. Shooting from a distance without a coordinate map, it would be dangerous for buildings and civilians. So what should we do? Heading out to the Gulf of Siam, we will bring the battleship to protection to His Majesty the King. I would like to mourn for the people who have unnecessarily died. If I wanted to fight, I would have fought long time ago. But I really don't want Thai people to fight against each other for me. Eve

ryone insists their loyalty to me, but nobody obeys my words. So there is only one way for me to remain neutral. Therefore, from now on, no matter which side comes to Hua Hin, the Royal Guards will disarm everyone. The telegram from the King, His Majesty intends an immediate ceasefire. If any side does not stop, it will be considered rebellion against the king His Majesty wants everyone to negotiate, and he will be a mediator. How many supplies and ammunition do we have left? Both supplies and a

mmunition, we can provide to our soldiers for only 3 days. If so, we retreat to Pak Chong first, then figure out a way to fight back. Why did His Majesty stop only us? No, I heard that His Majesty sent the message to the government as well. Luang Phibunsongkhram would send a train to invite Your Majesty back to the capital. I’m not going back yet. Each side is trying to pull me into their side, but no one listens to me. So I'm heading to Songkhla. That way, no one can ever claim my name again. E

ventually, the Nation Savior Group decided to retreat to The North-Eastern Region. But the government’s troops continued to attack and push forward. Sir! The government’s armored vehicles with anti-aircraft guns have reached Lak Si area. Soldier! release the locomotive and go with full speed to intercept their convoy train. Even though, it was hit by four enemy artillery rounds, But with the momentum of that full-speed locomotive, it crashed into the government’s convoy of artilleries and tanks.

The convoy was derailed and falling back more than a hundred meters. The impact instantly killed 13 soldiers and injured many more. When the battle ended, it was convenient for The Nation Savior Group’s units to retreat and leave Don Mueang with a tragedy past. Before retreating from Don Mueang Prince Boworadet sent a letter to His Majesty's secretary, saying: May those who receive this message, bring my words to His Majesty The King on my behalf that I mobilized an army without authorization,

because I want to have a government that ethically runs the country, and prevent the use of force to seize power as in the past. But when I realized that His Majesty wishes for this fight to end quickly. I would like to request the royal amnesty and give a farewell before going back to Pak Chong. With my highest regards. The next afternoon, the government’s soldiers seized Laksi Station, and the 4th Infantry Battalion seized Don Mueang. All military personnels who did not flee with Prince Bowora

det are not counted as rebels. I will not file any lawsuit against them. But I ask the military pilots to cooperate with the government, to suppress the rebellion continuously until they are defeated. Let's take fighter planes to track down the rebels if they fled to the north or northeast. When the train is spotted, just bomb them right away. But the pilots couldn't do it, So they pretended to drop every single bomb but miss the target. Meanwhile, Phraya Sri Sitthisongkhram gathered soldiers ar

ound 300 men to set up a barricade to block the government’s forces at Baan Hin Lab to destroy the route and delay the opponent. The defensive plan of Phraya Sri Sitthisongkhram is just to buy time for the high ranking generals to escape. But he still remained committed to his duties to the best of his ability. All soldiers, hurry and destroy the railway. Don't let the government’s trains track down our brothers. Bring out the railway sleepers and use it to build a fortress to ambush. We will fi

ght here until the end. The 23th of October, 1933 the troops of The Nation Savior Group retreated to Hin Lab Station, which is the last stronghold. The sound of gunfire at the Hin Lab Station was loud until the nightfall. Finally, the government’s forces who had more troops and weapons, were victorious. Phraya Sri Sitthisongkhram was shot with several bullets, he died in the Battle of Ban Hin Lab. But his body never returned to his family. The Boworadet Rebellion finally ended in 15 days. Many o

fficers fled to Cambodia. 321 men were imprisoned, 9 men were killed in action. 17 troops of the government were killed in action, The Rebels were believed that their casualties were at the same number. There were officers, non-commissioned soldiers, public servants and citizens, more than 500 people were arrested. Phraya Vichitchonlati was imprisoned for disobeying the government’s orders. Pilots who purposely did not bomb the train, they were also imprisoned. This incident made a famous stage-

play “Likay” group write the overture lyrics. “Phahon is the cause. Boworadet is the starter.” "drove the royals into the forest, then brought the dogs to sit in the city” and this Likay group was also thrown into prison. There were some records showing that the government won easily because of the use of psychological warfare by broadcasting on the radio, emphasizing the message that they are the government of His Majesty The King and The opponent is rebellion. The foreshadowing of the rebels'

defeat appeared even before the battle began. Awesome! Luang Phibunsongkhram’s strategy was to cut off weaponry. The rebellion was doomed right before the start. You claimed that King Rama VII was neutral. I've read that Prince Boworadet has received a cheque for 200,000 baht from the Privy Purse, Isn't it? In this case, Khana Ratsadon accused that His Majesty was behind Prince Boworadet. But after an investigation, it was discovered that the person who signed the 200,000 baht cheque was not the

King. But it was Prince Svastivatana Visishtha who was in charge of the Privy Purse. Paying to Lui kiriwat to use in a newspaper business. Lui kiriwat and So Sethaputra were also arrested charged with spreading anti-government leaflets. If we expressed our opposition to the government and we are considered rebels. How can we call that democracy? The government has its authority to make accusation. But in the end, it’s all about the witnesses and the evidences. I don't see any wrongdoings from t

he government. In your time, the judgement is based on evidences. But in that time, The government formed a special court. There was no lawyer and no appeal. Anyone could be charged, they imposed any punishment the government desires. A large number of innocent people were punished. Even Phraya Songsuradet also became a suspect. Hey! At that time, Phraya Songsuradet went abroad with Phra Prasad, didn’t he? Maybe sending orders from outside the country? Like phone-in. Ha Ha At that time, they did

n't trust each other because of Pridi’s Yellow Cover Dossier. It caused Khana Ratsadon to split into 2 groups. Phraya Phahon, who backed Pridi, was discontent with Phraya Songsuradet, Who turned to Phraya Manopakorn's side. Even Prayoon, who did not vote to approve the Yellow Cover Dossier He was sacked after the coup d'état. They are already fighting each other after only a year in power. It is the same in every era. And a special court that ruled the cases with biased manner, King Rama VII str

ongly opposed a special court. But Phraya Phahon’s government attempted to push His Majesty to sign. So, His Majesty had to make a decision. My Queen. I intend to go abroad for eye treatment. Is it the right time? The government is about to use its parliamentary majority to establish a special court for those who rebelled. which is an unjust court. There is no appeal court and no supreme court. If I'm still here, who will be executed by the government? They will force me to sign. I don't want to

be used as a scapegoat for ordering the execution of the people. If Your Majesty has made your decision, I also agree with you. I'm not sure whether we'll return or not. Wherever you go, I’ll go with you. We go together. Therefore, King Rama VII went abroad to get his eyes treated. Regardless of the government's plead. Even after the rebellion was defeated, Phraya Phahon’s government remained concerned that the monarchy will be restored by a group of royalists. This causes the government to san

ctify The Constitution, by creating The Constitution Goddess, Constitutional celebration and numerous other objects of Constitutional worship. To created a new god for the people to worship instead of the monarchy. But even when King Rama VII went abroad. The government still attempted to send legislations to His Majesty for the royal signature. I'm so tired of politics. I am the one who becomes a scapegoat and always takes criticism. without any power to restrain the action of the government an

d parliament. If they did anything that didn't please the people, I'm the one who is criticized. Why do I let them do it? Why did I not stop them? I will not sign a legislation that violates people's freedom and liberty. Send it back and inform the government that I will abdicate. Senior government officials and the promoters appeared before His Majesty and would like to know His Majesty's concerns about the government. Finally, His Majesty had a number of requests for the government. But Phraya

Phahon’s government didn't respond in time to the King's demands. When Phraya Phahonphonphayuhasena and his party Took control of the government by force. They sent me a message. Inviting me to remain a constiutional monarch. I accepted the invitation so that the people would have the right to express their views on the administration of country. I was already in favor of such a system and was considering how such a change in the administration of Siam could be made without upheaval. And when t

he violence promoter said That thay want only to establish a constitution which. In fact, was also my intention. I thought that for the sake of order and peace in the country it was proper for me to go along with their wishes. I tried to assist in maintaining good order So that this important change Could be made as smoothly as possible. From the two Constitutions It can be seen that the power to carry out various policies Rested solely with Khana Ratsadon an their supporters. Not with the elect

ed representatives of the people. Also, some members of Khana Ratsadon favored making radical changes in the economic policy of the country. This cause a split within Khana Ratsadon. Which resulted in political unrest. Subsequently Phraya Phahon and his group again seize power by force, and ever since then the hope the change could be effected smoothly, has dimmed. Because Khana Ratsadon did not establish real political freedom. and the people had no opportunity to express their opinions Before

important policy decisions were made, the rebellion broke out, With Thai killing Thai. When I asked the the Constitution be revised to make it truly democratic so that it mighr satisfy the public. The government and its suporters, who hold absolute power, would not agree. I asked that the people be given an opportunity to express their views before changes were adopted in important policies affecting the public welfare, but the government refused. The government promulgated a law for the supp

ression of persons accused of political crimes, which is contrary to universal principles of justice. in that they have no opportunity to fight a lawsuit in court and the proceedings are by secret trial before a committee. That is a procedure that I never used, even when I had absolute powers. I asked them to abandon this procedure, but they refused. I feel that The government and its party employs method of administation. Incomcapatible with individual freedoms and the principle of justice. I a

m unable to agree to any person or any party. Carrying on such a government in my name. I am willing to surrender the powers. I formerly exercised to the people as a whole, But I am not willing turn them over. To any individual or any group to use in an autocratic manner. without heeding the voice of the people. Now I see that my desire that the people have a real voice. In the affires of the country has not been fulfilled. I therefore desire to abdicate. And leave my position as a king as from

this time. The King Rama VII thought he had failed to support the transition to democracy. And most importantly, His Majesty was unable to protect the people. Therefore, His Majesty realized that he had to take responsibility. So he abdicated from the throne. and never returned to Thailand again. What the .. Berm! . I’m really into it. Sorry about that, I spent a lot of energy today. Spent what? You just sit and listen. The story was exciting and made my heart beat so fast. So it burned a lot o

f energy. I didn't expect that the era was very betrayal. I agree, these kinds of things don't appear in textbooks at all. Sigh, I'm hungry, but I still want to listen. Ha ha, go and get something to eat. The book’s not going anywhere. You can still come here and read at any time. So, today we thank you uncle for recommending books. Next time, I will come here and have an argument with you again. I have no desire that anyone create a disturbance in the country on my behalf, if anyone uses my nam

e in this connection, it should be understood that it is done without my approval or support. I deeply regret that I am no longer able to serve my people and my country in accordance with the hopes and intentions which I inherited from my forefathers. I can but pray that Siam will prosper And that the people will have happiness. I ask everyone for forgiveness. about my abandonment at this time, if you can forgive. But I feel the need to fight. For what I believe is correct and justice. I can not

dishonor myself. And live in shame throughout my life. to still remain on the throne. Do you guys think... If Khana Ratsadon really wants to overthrow the monarchy, can it be done? I think they can. I think they've had the opportunity to do it many times. Such as, when the King abdicated from the throne. Exactly! But in the end, they invited King Rama VIII back. I understand what the uncle said. Khana Ratsadon needs to use the monarchy to connect the people together. What if Khana Ratsadon real

ly overthrew the monarchy, What would our country be like? It may be like when King Rama VII went abroad. Only Khana Ratsadon remains to rule the country. In the end, they fought for power and eliminated each other. For me, it can be any system. as long as there’s no enslaved labor. You're afraid of being forced of doing collective farming, aren't you? Do you guys know what the purpose of the monument is? It’s built to honor heroic intrepidity. Built to look cool and for selfies. The monuments w

ere created to remember those who have died. You guys look at that. Oh, the Democracy Monument. That’s ominous. No wonder. It dies over and over again, it gets torn apart with coup d'etat so many times. And what about the report? Tomorrow, let's continue doing it at Berm's house. So let's go to Shabu-Shabu. I'm very hungry. Following King Rama VII's abdication, Khana Ratsadon invited Prince Ananda Mahidol to become King Rama VIII. Prince Anuwat Chaturon, President of the Regent was pressured to

confiscate assets from King Rama VII. Then he made his decision and committed suicide. Khana Ratsadon enacted laws to organize The Crown Property. Pridi sued King Rama VII to seize the palace and various properties. Khun Nirundonchai became a member of Inspection Committee on the Crown Property. There was corruption in selling lands of the Crown Property to Khana Ratsadon at cheap prices. Liang Chaiyakan brought it up for discussion in the House of Representatives. The government’s members of Pa

rliament threw him into the pool with his chair. Khana Ratsadon successfully enacted to establish a special court to prosecute political opponents. Phraya Phahon stepped down as Prime Minister Luang Phibunsongkhram was chosen as the next Prime Minister. and began to consolidate authority in his own hands. The government authorized the arrest of 51 suspected rebels and executed 18 people. Luang Ranronnakaj, the royalist who was shot dead by police in his house. Phraya Ritthiakhaney was charged wi

th treason. Luang Phibun forced him to flee and take refuge in Penang, Malaysia. Phra Phrasasphithayayut was sent as ambassador to Germany by Pridi's suggestion to avoid political peril. Phraya Songsuradet fled into exile and live with poverty in Cambodia, with remorse until the end of his life. Political prisoners, royalties, and intellectuals were imprisoned in Tarutao island. Thailand went to World War II by joining the Axis. Thailand was ruled by a "fascist" regime for a period of time. Ther

e are many more truths waiting for you. When you know those stories, keep it as a lesson. Don't make the same mistakes like in the past. The future does not belong to one side. But it must be everyone's future together. The differences that can coexist, is the beauty of democracy. There should normally be a number of political groups with differing views. But when it comes to the nation.Each group must be unified in prioritizing the interests of the nation. We need to forget about all those diff

erent points of view. Regardless of how badly we have ever felt, we must ignore everything and bury it. We should only think about what's best for our own nation. We cannot be selfish. This will be referred as true sportsmanship. It is necessary to cultivate individuals with such compassion to be capable of democratic governance effectively. The royal guidance of His Majesty King Prajadhipok (King Rama VII). Given on the day of Vajiravudh College's annual ceremony. November 12, 1932