in the heart of the Kashmir Valley lies an
archaeological Enigma that has intrigued researchers for decades the site of bersama
this prehistoric settlement dating back to the Neolithic era serves as a time capsule offering a
rare glimpse into the dawn of human civilization in the Indian subcontinent the story of bersama
begins around 7,000 years ago in the Neolithic period this was a time when Humanity was just
beginning to transition from a nomadic lifestyle to a settled existence cultivat
ing crops and
domesticating animals bersama with its strategic location between the pier panal range and the
zarwan mountains provided an ideal setting for such a settlement its fertile soil abundant water
sources and moderate climate made it a coveted spot for early human communities the site was
first discovered in the early 20th century and systematic excavations were initiated in the 1930s
by the archaeological Survey of India however it was only in in the 1960s that the full extent
of
the site and its archaeological significance was truly uncovered the excavations Unearthed a
wealth of artifacts and structures including pit dwellings Pottery tools made of bone and stone as
well as a variety of animal and human figurines these discoveries provided valuable insights into
the lifestyle culture and beliefs of the Neolithic people who once inhabited bersama one of the most
fascinating finds at Bahama was the discovery of pit dwellings these were circular or oval pits dug
int
o the ground with a diameter of about 3 to 4 M the walls of these pits were plastered with mud
and the roofs were thatched providing a simple yet effective shelter against the elements the pottery
Unearthed at bersama was equally intriguing the designs were mostly geometric with motifs of
animals birds and human figures the pottery was also functional used for cooking storage and
even ceremonial purposes the tools and figurines found at bersama were equally revealing they
depicted a society
that was not just surviving but thriving there were tools for hunting farming
and crafting indicating a community that was self-sufficient and Innovative the figurines
on the other hand suggested a society with a rich culture and a strong belief in
the Supernatural but perhaps the most compelling evidence of the sophistication of
the bersama civilization was the discovery of an astronomical Observatory this structure
believed to be one of the oldest of its kind in the world pointed to a so
ciety that had
a keen interest in the cosmos and a basic understanding of astronomy in conclusion the
archaeological site of bersama is more than just a collection of ancient artifacts it's
a window into the past a testament to the Ingenuity and resilience of our ancestors it
reminds us that even in the most challenging of times Humanity has always found a way to
adapt innovate and Thrive and that perhaps is the most important lesson we can learn from
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