Description: Plasma makes up 99.9% of the visible universe, but what is it? This video discusses what plasma is, where it lives, and how NASA studies it.
Music: “Artificial Intelligence” by Matteo Pagamici [SUISA], Max Molling [SUISA] via Universal Production Music
Video credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
Beth Anthony (KBRwyle): Producer
Mara Johnson-Groh (Telophase): Writer
Barbara Giles (NASA/GSFC): Scientist
Genna Duberstein (ADNET): Writer
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Out in space, particles play by a different set of rules
than we are familiar with at home. The expanse beyond Earth
is almost entirely filled with a mysterious state of matter. This matter is the least understood. It's rarely encountered on Earth. Yet it triggers auroras
and even impacts our exploration of space. This is plasma. After solid, liquid and gas
Plasma is the fourth state of matter. It is made of particles
that have been ionized. This means the particles
have been given so much energ
y that electrons separate from their atoms,
making a subatomic soup. Unlike gas, plasma easily conducts
electricity. This allows it to move along invisible
pathways charted by the electromagnetic fields
that fill space. While plasma is rare on earth, it makes up 99.9% of the visible universe, including the sun and other stars. It's also spread out across the universe in the space separating planets and stars. This space is not empty. It's filled with a weak soup of plasma. Those vast expanses of
space are also
filled with electromagnetic fields, such as those created
by the sun and earth. In these places where
plasma and electromagnetic fields play. Plasma can undergo a unique, explosive
phenomenon called magnetic reconnection. Magnetic reconnection occurs where magnetic field
lines are constantly shifting. When the lines become tangled,
they explosively snap and realign. This transfers energy and sends nearby
plasma particles flying through space. Magnetic reconnection triggers solar
flares on the surface of the sun,
creates shockwaves near supernovae, and violently twists
plasma around black holes. Closer to home, magnetic reconnection
between the sun and Earth's magnetic fields is a critical way
energy is transferred around our planet. For example, when magnetic reconnection
occurs on the nightside of Earth, it can push particles down
toward the poles, triggering auroras. Near Earth space is the easiest place
to study magnetic reconnection. NASA does this with its Magnetos
pheric
Multiscale mission or MMS. MMS uses four identical spacecraft
to measure magnetic fields and particles in 3D 100 times
faster than previous missions. This has revealed new insights
on the small scale details of magnetic reconnection
and the nature of plasma itself. Other NASA missions like Parker Solar Probe, ARTEMIS, and Voyager also study plasma across our solar system. From the surface of the sun to the space
between the planets, NASA continues to unravel the mysteries of plasma
that h
elp us as we venture beyond Earth.
Comments
Excellent, thanks NASA!
Great video, thank you 👍
Fascinating.
Nice information ❤️
Universe is so energized, positive. There must be an opposite universe where everything is negatively charged.
Awesome 3 minutes
Excellent 👌👌👌👌👌👌
Thank you VERY much. 😊
How is it possible for space which separate stars and galaxies be filled with a small amount of plasma which requires substantial amount of heat? Isn't empty space far from stars a very cold place? Can anybody answer?
Wow. Interesting.
Needed it to further understand fusion thx nasa
Nice ❤️🙂
Neat
Would it be correct to define Space as a Plasmic field or substance??
Thanks 👍🏻
So what is plasma, particles or electrons?
Nasa is an emotion
Love from India, West Bengal, Siliguri 🙂🙏
Why didn't charge recombine in plasma as they are oppositely charged
플라즈마에 대해 온전히 알 수는 없지만 분명한 사실은, 플라즈마 기술이 에너지 분야를 넘어 무기 기술로 사용된다면, 그 가공할 파괴력은 인간이 더 이상 감당 불가하다는 사실 일 것 입니다. 그렇지 아니한지요? 🇰🇷 에서 문의 드립니다!