You Must Know - Complete Basics Of Electrical Engineering - 3D Animation

Let's take a simple wire, it can be of any of copper or aluminum or silver, we will connect 5 volt battery to this wire and also a bulb, when we turn on the switch, the bulb will turn on and current will start flowing. The current that is flowing here in wire, basically electrons are flowing through the wire and the flow of electrons is called current. Now let's assume that if we cut this wire from the middle, then there will be no way for the electron to flow, which means that no current will f

low. So always keep in mind when we check the current with multimeter then the current can be checked only when a load is connected, if the circuit is open somewhere then the current cannot flow. Now the current that is flowing through the wire, the same current will flow through the multimeter, only then the multimeter will be able to tell how much current is flowing. That's why we connect the multimeter in series with the wire, then the multimeter checks the flow of electrons and gives us the

information of the current And the device with which current is checked is called Ammeter and ampere is the unit of current. But this multimeter performs the work of many meters alone. Now the voltage is always written on the battery which is installed here. Voltage is an electrical pressure which forces the current to move forward. If we plug the multimeter directly into the plug, it will tell us the voltage, which means that the volt meter is always connected in parallel. The phase wire has 22

0 volts and the neutral wire has zero volts. Until the load is not connected, the neutral wire only provides the return path to the 220 volts coming from the phase wire, so long as the switch is closed and if you touch the neutral wire by hand, you will not get current. When the multimeter is touched to these two wires, the multimeter will show us the voltage difference between these two wires. Resistance works In the same way as Friction does, for current the friction work is done by Resistanc

e Whose only work is to cause power loss. Now every metal has resistance, some less, some more, that's why copper wire is used in the main wiring in our homes because its resistance is less, due to which it will be less hot. And if the heat is less then it will be able to carry more load. Now resistance also has some brothers and sisters, which are called impedance, admittance, reactance, they also do power loss but in a different way. Now a very famous Ohm's law is formed by combining voltage,

current and resistance, which is called voltage = current * resistance in short. Now suppose that there is a circuit in which many bulbs are connected in series, if the wire breaks anywhere, then all the bulbs will go off because the current will not flow beyond this point. So can we say that when the connection is connected in series then the current is same in all the devices connected to it. And the second biggest thing, like 2 ampere current is flowing through this wire, then half ampere wil

l be divided in all four bulbs. Now the current is divided which means all the four bulbs will light up weakly. Now if we connect these bulbs in parallel, then even if the wire breaks from any of them, there will be no difference on the rest of the bulb because the path of current is made to move forward. That's why wiring in our homes is done in parallel And its biggest advantage is that all devices work well. Now the biggest confusion is about power, voltage current is okay, what is power, bas

ically power is the product of voltage and current. Like this bulb is of 5 volt and when it is on, it consumes a current of 2A, then its power consumption will be 5*2=10 watt. Watt is the unit of power, but the device which rotates like motor, their power rating is mostly in horse power i.e. hp, it is just a difference of saying and both HP and watt are the same unit of power, How many watts are there in one HP? Must write in the comment. Now this bulb will consume 10 watt power but in how much

time ? So when it will be on for one hour, then it will consume 10 watts, which is sometimes written as watthour. When it is 1000 watts, we can call it 1kw or it can also be called a unit. When the device is made, its power consumption is set according to its use, which means power is fixed for any device, we cannot change it. Now we have 2 types of current, alternating current and direct current, whose waveform is of this type, first of all let's talk about alternating current. The 220 volt sup

ply that comes in our homes is AC only, the flow of current in it is of this type. This is a cycle which is of 360 degrees and in 1 second such 50 cycles are complete, which we call the frequency of 50hz. Hz is the unit of frequency When we get an electric shock, this current does not want to twist us like this 50 times in 1 second, but our body does not move so fast, then we get a strong shock and if it is left for too long, then we can die. Let's assume that 220 volt supply is given in this

wire and current is flowing, now the thing is that current is not visible to us with eyes, it can only be felt, But something else is happening around this wire which we cannot see. This 220 volt supply generates its own field near this wire, which is called magnetic field. You must have heard people saying many times about the high voltage line, don't go near it, otherwise it will pull you towards it, then let's understand the reason behind it. This is a spring-loaded road which is moving in t

his way. There are some air particles on both sides of this road on which it exerts force from its moment. Now this road is moving only in this distance, but if we observe the force of air closely at this position, then we will feel the force of air a little. Exactly the same happens with alternating current, when this waveform travels in this way, it charges the air particles that are near it. And when we go near them, we do not need to touch this wire, we get electric shock from far away. But

there is nothing to be afraid of, which is a high voltage line, it keeps the area around it charged, the supply that comes in our homes is safe. Another advantage of alternating current is that it becomes zero at this point, so by chance we get an electric shock, then we are left at this point. Now AC supply is also of two types single phase or three. Single phase supply comes in our houses, which is of 220 volts, in which there is a phase and a neutral wire, we keep getting those shocks. But t

hree phase supply is of 440 volt which is for big machines like big motor or Or for Salman Khan because there is a song in Salman Khan's Sultan movie, Lag Gaye 440 Walt Chhone Se Tere which means salman khan was talking about three phase supply. Now all the voltages which are more than 440 volt like 11000 volt which are written as 11kv in short, above this 33kv 400kv 765kv they are not used anywhere. This high voltage is used only to save the losses, because the power station is very far from o

ur homes, so if the electricity travels so far, there will be lot of losses on the way. That's why the voltage is stepped up to a higher voltage with the help of a transformer. Now let's talk about DC supply. The current of DC supply is of this type, which is absolutely constant, our smartphone, laptop, apart from this, all the electronics items run on almost DC supply. Now its waveform is very straight, which means that there is no frequency in it, if there is no frequency then there will be no

magnetic field near it. Means magnetic field is near it but when the wire will act like a magnet only then. DC current can be stored in a battery but not AC current but it can be converted to DC or reverse. There is a small question for you, which device converts AC to DC, what is it called, must write in the comment. DC current is much more powerful than AC, if DC gets shocked then there are less chances of survival and more of death. But don't worry 12 volt dc which is in battery is not so da

ngerous. If there is any DC current more than 50 volts then it is very powerful and can harm us a lot. 12 volt DC is also very powerful, if you see the size of the cable attached to the 12 volt battery in vehicles, then you will know how powerful the current is. Day by day population is increasing, so power consumption is also increasing, so according to the demand, power companies keep installing new generators in their power plants to increase power generation. We are the end consumers of elec

tricity, but the journey from electricity generation to our homes is very complicated and long Because electricity does not tolerate carelessness at all, if there is a mistake in the middle, then its punishment is met immediately. if you want to make your carrer in 3D then we will design 3D animation course in simple language in hindi. Details are avilable in description you can join. Thanks for giving your valuable time to this channel.